TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lučić, Milica
AU  - Momčilović, Milan
AU  - Marković, Jelena
AU  - Jović, Mihajlo
AU  - Smiciklas, Ivana
AU  - Onjia, Antonije
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6329
AB  - The human health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel
(Ni) in fifty regular and slim cigarette brands available in the
Serbian market were evaluated. Distributions on per-cigarette
basis concentrations of these metals, as determined by graphite
furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, were used as inputs in
the probabilistic risk assessment. The contents of these metals in
cigarettes varied significantly. Larger quantities of the studied
metals were observed in regular cigarettes than in slim cigarettes,
but the concentration levels per cigarette tobacco mass were
higher in slim cigarettes. The metal concentrations in counterfeit
cigarettes were marginally higher than those in authentic brands.
Based on the mean concentrations, Pb was the most abundant
toxic metal, followed by Ni and Cd. The calculated values of the
cumulative hazard index (HI) and incremental lifetime cancer risk
(ILCR) indicated a low noncarcinogenic risk and low but not negligible
carcinogenic risk from Cd, Pb, and Ni. The mean HI and ILCR
values obtained using probabilistic and deterministic approaches
were similar. A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to minimize
the uncertainty of health risk estimation. The sensitivity analysis
revealed that the most influential factor was cigarette mass followed
by Cd content.
PB  - Taylor & Francis
T2  - Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry
T1  - Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes
IS  - 2
VL  - 104
DO  - 10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lučić, Milica and Momčilović, Milan and Marković, Jelena and Jović, Mihajlo and Smiciklas, Ivana and Onjia, Antonije",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The human health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel
(Ni) in fifty regular and slim cigarette brands available in the
Serbian market were evaluated. Distributions on per-cigarette
basis concentrations of these metals, as determined by graphite
furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, were used as inputs in
the probabilistic risk assessment. The contents of these metals in
cigarettes varied significantly. Larger quantities of the studied
metals were observed in regular cigarettes than in slim cigarettes,
but the concentration levels per cigarette tobacco mass were
higher in slim cigarettes. The metal concentrations in counterfeit
cigarettes were marginally higher than those in authentic brands.
Based on the mean concentrations, Pb was the most abundant
toxic metal, followed by Ni and Cd. The calculated values of the
cumulative hazard index (HI) and incremental lifetime cancer risk
(ILCR) indicated a low noncarcinogenic risk and low but not negligible
carcinogenic risk from Cd, Pb, and Ni. The mean HI and ILCR
values obtained using probabilistic and deterministic approaches
were similar. A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to minimize
the uncertainty of health risk estimation. The sensitivity analysis
revealed that the most influential factor was cigarette mass followed
by Cd content.",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis",
journal = "Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry",
title = "Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes",
number = "2",
volume = "104",
doi = "10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291"
}

Lučić, M., Momčilović, M., Marković, J., Jović, M., Smiciklas, I.,& Onjia, A.. (2023). Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes. in Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry
Taylor & Francis., 104(2).
https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291

Lučić M, Momčilović M, Marković J, Jović M, Smiciklas I, Onjia A. Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes. in Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. 2023;104(2).
doi:10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291 .

Lučić, Milica, Momčilović, Milan, Marković, Jelena, Jović, Mihajlo, Smiciklas, Ivana, Onjia, Antonije, "Monte Carlo simulation of health risk from cadmium, lead, and nickel in cigarettes" in Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, 104, no. 2 (2023),
https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2023.2177291 . .