TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stamenković, Dejan
AU  - Popović, Miljana
AU  - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Zrilić, Milorad
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Obradović Đuričić, Kosovka
AU  - Stamenković, Dragoslav
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6377
AB  - Since additive technologies in dentistry are gradually replacing metal casting technology, it is necessary to evaluate new dental constructions intended for the development of removable partial denture frameworks. The aim of this research was to evaluate the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered Co–Cr alloys, and perform a comparative study with Co–Cr castings for the same dental purposes. The experiments were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of samples produced by conventional casting of the Co–Cr alloy. The second group consisted of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered specimens produced from a Co–Cr alloy powder divided into three subgroups, depending on the technological parameters chosen for manufacturing (angle, location and heat treatment). Examination of the microstructure was carried out by classical metallographic sample preparation, using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. A structural phase analysis was also performed by XRD. The mechanical properties were determined using a standard tensile test. The microstructure observation showed a dendritic character in the case of castings, while in the case of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered Co–Cr alloys, the microstructure was typical for additive technologies. The XRD phase analysis confirmed the presence of Co–Cr phases (ε and γ). The results of the tensile test showed remarkably higher yield and tensile strength values and slightly lower elongation of the 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered samples than those produced by conventional casting.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Materials
T1  - Comparative Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Cast-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Laser-Sintered Co–Cr Alloys for Removable Partial Denture Frameworks
IS  - 8
SP  - 3267
VL  - 16
DO  - 10.3390/ma16083267
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stamenković, Dejan and Popović, Miljana and Rudolf, Rebeka and Zrilić, Milorad and Raić, Karlo and Obradović Đuričić, Kosovka and Stamenković, Dragoslav",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Since additive technologies in dentistry are gradually replacing metal casting technology, it is necessary to evaluate new dental constructions intended for the development of removable partial denture frameworks. The aim of this research was to evaluate the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered Co–Cr alloys, and perform a comparative study with Co–Cr castings for the same dental purposes. The experiments were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of samples produced by conventional casting of the Co–Cr alloy. The second group consisted of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered specimens produced from a Co–Cr alloy powder divided into three subgroups, depending on the technological parameters chosen for manufacturing (angle, location and heat treatment). Examination of the microstructure was carried out by classical metallographic sample preparation, using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. A structural phase analysis was also performed by XRD. The mechanical properties were determined using a standard tensile test. The microstructure observation showed a dendritic character in the case of castings, while in the case of 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered Co–Cr alloys, the microstructure was typical for additive technologies. The XRD phase analysis confirmed the presence of Co–Cr phases (ε and γ). The results of the tensile test showed remarkably higher yield and tensile strength values and slightly lower elongation of the 3D-printed, laser-melted and -sintered samples than those produced by conventional casting.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Materials",
title = "Comparative Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Cast-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Laser-Sintered Co–Cr Alloys for Removable Partial Denture Frameworks",
number = "8",
pages = "3267",
volume = "16",
doi = "10.3390/ma16083267"
}

Stamenković, D., Popović, M., Rudolf, R., Zrilić, M., Raić, K., Obradović Đuričić, K.,& Stamenković, D.. (2023). Comparative Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Cast-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Laser-Sintered Co–Cr Alloys for Removable Partial Denture Frameworks. in Materials
MDPI., 16(8), 3267.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083267

Stamenković D, Popović M, Rudolf R, Zrilić M, Raić K, Obradović Đuričić K, Stamenković D. Comparative Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Cast-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Laser-Sintered Co–Cr Alloys for Removable Partial Denture Frameworks. in Materials. 2023;16(8):3267.
doi:10.3390/ma16083267 .

Stamenković, Dejan, Popović, Miljana, Rudolf, Rebeka, Zrilić, Milorad, Raić, Karlo, Obradović Đuričić, Kosovka, Stamenković, Dragoslav, "Comparative Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Cast-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Laser-Sintered Co–Cr Alloys for Removable Partial Denture Frameworks" in Materials, 16, no. 8 (2023):3267,
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083267 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mihailovic, Marija
AU  - Raić, Karlo
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4855
AB  - When the quantitative characterization of non-metallic inclusions in steel is done and the effect of limiting factors is assessed, and based on that the possibility of reconstruction of the total content of non-metallic inclusions in steel is estimated, further considerations can be directed towards predicting the model of the size distribution curve. The aim of this work is to establish relations based on which it will be possible to quantify the content of non-metallic inclusions in extra-pure steels, when metallographic control is difficult or even impossible by routine procedures.
T2  - Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
T1  - Algorithm for quantifying the particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions formation in steel production
EP  - 447
IS  - 4
SP  - 437
VL  - 27
DO  - 10.30544/776
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mihailovic, Marija and Raić, Karlo",
year = "2021",
abstract = "When the quantitative characterization of non-metallic inclusions in steel is done and the effect of limiting factors is assessed, and based on that the possibility of reconstruction of the total content of non-metallic inclusions in steel is estimated, further considerations can be directed towards predicting the model of the size distribution curve. The aim of this work is to establish relations based on which it will be possible to quantify the content of non-metallic inclusions in extra-pure steels, when metallographic control is difficult or even impossible by routine procedures.",
journal = "Metallurgical & Materials Engineering",
title = "Algorithm for quantifying the particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions formation in steel production",
pages = "447-437",
number = "4",
volume = "27",
doi = "10.30544/776"
}

Mihailovic, M.,& Raić, K.. (2021). Algorithm for quantifying the particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions formation in steel production. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, 27(4), 437-447.
https://doi.org/10.30544/776

Mihailovic M, Raić K. Algorithm for quantifying the particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions formation in steel production. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering. 2021;27(4):437-447.
doi:10.30544/776 .

Mihailovic, Marija, Raić, Karlo, "Algorithm for quantifying the particle size distribution of non-metallic inclusions formation in steel production" in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, 27, no. 4 (2021):437-447,
https://doi.org/10.30544/776 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slovic, Z. M.
AU  - Bradaric, T. D.
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Slovic, J. Z.
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4857
AB  - In integrated steel plants, the removal of phosphorous normally takes place during the primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. Phosphorous is usually introduced to the integrated steelmaking process through blast furnace additions, such as iron ore, coke, sinter, and fluxes. Among the others parameters such as optimizing the charging system, oxygen supply system, oxygen lance parameters of the converter, the flux quality in combination with temperature process control can improve the BOF efficiency of Dephosphorization. Phosphorus partition ratio (L-P) is usually used to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of the dephosphorization of slags with different compositions in steelmaking processes. However, this parameter is only useful in equilibrium conditions, and it is not accurate when used to evaluate slag efficiency in industrial processes. Because of this, the aim of this work was to study the phosphorus partition ratio estimated from the experimental results in real plant conditions of two different BOF steel plants and compare them with well-known published models. In the present study, data from two steel plants (further Plant A and Plant B) were evaluated applying Healy's, Suito and Inoui's, Zhang's as well as Assis's equations. The calculated values were compared against measured values.
T2  - Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
T1  - Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in bof
EP  - 436
IS  - 4
SP  - 425
VL  - 27
DO  - 10.30544/646
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Slovic, Z. M. and Bradaric, T. D. and Raić, Karlo and Slovic, J. Z.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In integrated steel plants, the removal of phosphorous normally takes place during the primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. Phosphorous is usually introduced to the integrated steelmaking process through blast furnace additions, such as iron ore, coke, sinter, and fluxes. Among the others parameters such as optimizing the charging system, oxygen supply system, oxygen lance parameters of the converter, the flux quality in combination with temperature process control can improve the BOF efficiency of Dephosphorization. Phosphorus partition ratio (L-P) is usually used to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of the dephosphorization of slags with different compositions in steelmaking processes. However, this parameter is only useful in equilibrium conditions, and it is not accurate when used to evaluate slag efficiency in industrial processes. Because of this, the aim of this work was to study the phosphorus partition ratio estimated from the experimental results in real plant conditions of two different BOF steel plants and compare them with well-known published models. In the present study, data from two steel plants (further Plant A and Plant B) were evaluated applying Healy's, Suito and Inoui's, Zhang's as well as Assis's equations. The calculated values were compared against measured values.",
journal = "Metallurgical & Materials Engineering",
title = "Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in bof",
pages = "436-425",
number = "4",
volume = "27",
doi = "10.30544/646"
}

Slovic, Z. M., Bradaric, T. D., Raić, K.,& Slovic, J. Z.. (2021). Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in bof. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, 27(4), 425-436.
https://doi.org/10.30544/646

Slovic ZM, Bradaric TD, Raić K, Slovic JZ. Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in bof. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering. 2021;27(4):425-436.
doi:10.30544/646 .

Slovic, Z. M., Bradaric, T. D., Raić, Karlo, Slovic, J. Z., "Estimation of phosphorus distribution ratio at the end of blowing in bof" in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, 27, no. 4 (2021):425-436,
https://doi.org/10.30544/646 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raić, Karlo
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5896
AB  - The second-order differential equation with a general polynomial solution [1], is adapted for simulation of complex velocity profile inside the turbulent boundary layer. Consequently, the simulation strategy is suggested.
PB  - Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia
T2  - Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
T1  - Simulation of velocity profile inside turbulent boundary layer
EP  - 102
IS  - 3
SP  - 93
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.30544/490
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Raić, Karlo",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The second-order differential equation with a general polynomial solution [1], is adapted for simulation of complex velocity profile inside the turbulent boundary layer. Consequently, the simulation strategy is suggested.",
publisher = "Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia",
journal = "Metallurgical and Materials Engineering",
title = "Simulation of velocity profile inside turbulent boundary layer",
pages = "102-93",
number = "3",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.30544/490"
}

Raić, K.. (2020). Simulation of velocity profile inside turbulent boundary layer. in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia., 24(3), 93-102.
https://doi.org/10.30544/490

Raić K. Simulation of velocity profile inside turbulent boundary layer. in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering. 2020;24(3):93-102.
doi:10.30544/490 .

Raić, Karlo, "Simulation of velocity profile inside turbulent boundary layer" in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 24, no. 3 (2020):93-102,
https://doi.org/10.30544/490 . .

Gligorijević, B. R., Milašinović, V. D., Milašinović, M., Milašinović, N., Jevremović, A., Raić, K., Alil, A., Dikić, S., Vlahović, M.,& Martinović, S.. (2019). Poboljšanje elektro-mehaničkih svojstava Al/Cu električnih konektora smanjenjem intermetalnog sloja postupkom redukovanja vremena zavarivanja trenjem. in Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet
Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet., 1-13.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6236

Gligorijević BR, Milašinović VD, Milašinović M, Milašinović N, Jevremović A, Raić K, Alil A, Dikić S, Vlahović M, Martinović S. Poboljšanje elektro-mehaničkih svojstava Al/Cu električnih konektora smanjenjem intermetalnog sloja postupkom redukovanja vremena zavarivanja trenjem. in Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet. 2019;:1-13.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6236 .

Gligorijević, Bojan R., Milašinović, Veljko D., Milašinović, Mijat, Milašinović, Nikola, Jevremović, Aleksandar, Raić, Karlo, Alil, Ana, Dikić, Stefan, Vlahović, Milica, Martinović, Sanja, "Poboljšanje elektro-mehaničkih svojstava Al/Cu električnih konektora smanjenjem intermetalnog sloja postupkom redukovanja vremena zavarivanja trenjem" in Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet (2019):1-13,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6236 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gligorijević, Bojan R.
AU  - Milašinović, Veljko D.
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
AU  - Radović, Nenad A.
AU  - Radovanovic, Radovan V.
AU  - Alil, Ana
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6192
AB  - In general, continuous drive friction welding (CDFW) of two metals 
may produce three typical regions from a weld interface towards an unaf-
fected base metal: (i) fully deformed or dynamically recrystallized (DRX) 
region, (ii) partially deformed region or thermo-mechanically affected 
zone (TMAZ), and (iii) undeformed region or heat affected zone (HAZ). 
In past studies, it has been shown that different CDFW parameters may 
differently affect the size and structural properties of these regions. Re-
garding the Al/Cu bimetal joints, past studies have also indicated that the 
self- and inter-diffusion of Al and Cu along the short-circuits (dislocations 
and/or grain boundaries) is the mechanism which probably controls the 
growth of detrimental AlxCuy intermetallics at the Al/Cu interface when 
the temperatures are lower than 350°C. Considering the previous and that 
the permissible operating temperature in Al/Cu and other electrical con-
nections is generally between 100 and 150°C, as well as that the structural 
changes in DRX, TMAZ, and HAZ regions are expected to be slower at 
these operating conditions, it is reasonable to assume that the growth kinet-
ics of AlxCuy intermetallics under these conditions might be different in 
the cases of Al/Cu joints produced with different CDFW parameters and/or 
in the cases of post-weld heat treated Al/Cu joints. The aim of the present 
study was to evaluate the effects of different CDFW parameters and post-
weld heat treatment on the formation of AlxCuy intermetallics on the Al/Cu 

 

interfaces of produced joints when they were submitted to long-term and 
low temperature annealing (similar to mentioned operating conditions). 
Structural properties were analyzed be using the light microscopy and 
scanning electron microscopy.
PB  - Kiev, Ukraine
C3  - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of young scientists on Welding and Related Technologies in Kyiv, Ukraine
T1  - Long-term and low-temperature annealing of as-continuous drive friction welded and post-weld heat treated Al/Cu bimetal joints
SP  - 38
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6192
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Gligorijević, Bojan R. and Milašinović, Veljko D. and Raić, Karlo T. and Radović, Nenad A. and Radovanovic, Radovan V. and Alil, Ana",
year = "2017",
abstract = "In general, continuous drive friction welding (CDFW) of two metals 
may produce three typical regions from a weld interface towards an unaf-
fected base metal: (i) fully deformed or dynamically recrystallized (DRX) 
region, (ii) partially deformed region or thermo-mechanically affected 
zone (TMAZ), and (iii) undeformed region or heat affected zone (HAZ). 
In past studies, it has been shown that different CDFW parameters may 
differently affect the size and structural properties of these regions. Re-
garding the Al/Cu bimetal joints, past studies have also indicated that the 
self- and inter-diffusion of Al and Cu along the short-circuits (dislocations 
and/or grain boundaries) is the mechanism which probably controls the 
growth of detrimental AlxCuy intermetallics at the Al/Cu interface when 
the temperatures are lower than 350°C. Considering the previous and that 
the permissible operating temperature in Al/Cu and other electrical con-
nections is generally between 100 and 150°C, as well as that the structural 
changes in DRX, TMAZ, and HAZ regions are expected to be slower at 
these operating conditions, it is reasonable to assume that the growth kinet-
ics of AlxCuy intermetallics under these conditions might be different in 
the cases of Al/Cu joints produced with different CDFW parameters and/or 
in the cases of post-weld heat treated Al/Cu joints. The aim of the present 
study was to evaluate the effects of different CDFW parameters and post-
weld heat treatment on the formation of AlxCuy intermetallics on the Al/Cu 

 

interfaces of produced joints when they were submitted to long-term and 
low temperature annealing (similar to mentioned operating conditions). 
Structural properties were analyzed be using the light microscopy and 
scanning electron microscopy.",
publisher = "Kiev, Ukraine",
journal = "Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of young scientists on Welding and Related Technologies in Kyiv, Ukraine",
title = "Long-term and low-temperature annealing of as-continuous drive friction welded and post-weld heat treated Al/Cu bimetal joints",
pages = "38",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6192"
}

Gligorijević, B. R., Milašinović, V. D., Raić, K. T., Radović, N. A., Radovanovic, R. V.,& Alil, A.. (2017). Long-term and low-temperature annealing of as-continuous drive friction welded and post-weld heat treated Al/Cu bimetal joints. in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of young scientists on Welding and Related Technologies in Kyiv, Ukraine
Kiev, Ukraine., 38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6192

Gligorijević BR, Milašinović VD, Raić KT, Radović NA, Radovanovic RV, Alil A. Long-term and low-temperature annealing of as-continuous drive friction welded and post-weld heat treated Al/Cu bimetal joints. in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of young scientists on Welding and Related Technologies in Kyiv, Ukraine. 2017;:38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6192 .

Gligorijević, Bojan R., Milašinović, Veljko D., Raić, Karlo T., Radović, Nenad A., Radovanovic, Radovan V., Alil, Ana, "Long-term and low-temperature annealing of as-continuous drive friction welded and post-weld heat treated Al/Cu bimetal joints" in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of young scientists on Welding and Related Technologies in Kyiv, Ukraine (2017):38,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6192 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mihailović, Marija
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Patarić, Aleksandra
AU  - Volkov-Husović, Tatjana
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3106
AB  - The wetting process on the nano-scale, as an initial and essential step in liquid metal/ceramic joining, is discussed here. Thanks to recent breakthroughs in experimental techniques with nanometre resolution, questions posed several decades ago are being looked at again. Despite recorded facts on acting mechanisms, the published results are very diverse due to the variety of materials and their structures, as well as experimental conditions, so the modeling is inevitable for process development and to overcome the multi-scale influencing parameters issues. A nano-scale wetting model have been proposed and tested on results obtained in a liquid-metal/SiC system that was published in the literature.
PB  - Inst Za Kovinske Materiale I In Tehnologie, Ljubjana
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - The nano-wetting aspect at the liquid-metal/sic interface
EP  - 416
IS  - 3
SP  - 413
VL  - 49
DO  - 10.17222/mit.2014.111
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mihailović, Marija and Raić, Karlo and Patarić, Aleksandra and Volkov-Husović, Tatjana",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The wetting process on the nano-scale, as an initial and essential step in liquid metal/ceramic joining, is discussed here. Thanks to recent breakthroughs in experimental techniques with nanometre resolution, questions posed several decades ago are being looked at again. Despite recorded facts on acting mechanisms, the published results are very diverse due to the variety of materials and their structures, as well as experimental conditions, so the modeling is inevitable for process development and to overcome the multi-scale influencing parameters issues. A nano-scale wetting model have been proposed and tested on results obtained in a liquid-metal/SiC system that was published in the literature.",
publisher = "Inst Za Kovinske Materiale I In Tehnologie, Ljubjana",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "The nano-wetting aspect at the liquid-metal/sic interface",
pages = "416-413",
number = "3",
volume = "49",
doi = "10.17222/mit.2014.111"
}

Mihailović, M., Raić, K., Patarić, A.,& Volkov-Husović, T.. (2015). The nano-wetting aspect at the liquid-metal/sic interface. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Inst Za Kovinske Materiale I In Tehnologie, Ljubjana., 49(3), 413-416.
https://doi.org/10.17222/mit.2014.111

Mihailović M, Raić K, Patarić A, Volkov-Husović T. The nano-wetting aspect at the liquid-metal/sic interface. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2015;49(3):413-416.
doi:10.17222/mit.2014.111 .

Mihailović, Marija, Raić, Karlo, Patarić, Aleksandra, Volkov-Husović, Tatjana, "The nano-wetting aspect at the liquid-metal/sic interface" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 49, no. 3 (2015):413-416,
https://doi.org/10.17222/mit.2014.111 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena M.
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5792
AB  - The Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy examined in this study was consolidated via powder metallurgy (PM) processing by combining mechanical alloying and hot pressing. Powder mixture with composition: 94.78 wt.% copper, 4.1 wt.% zirconium, and 1.12 wt.% boron was used as a starting material. Mechanical alloying of powder mixture was performed at various times: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 h. Structural changes that occur in the samples of copper alloy with 7vol.%ZrB2 after milling and during hot pressing process were studied with the use of X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was applied to examine the morphological properties and elemental analysis of the hot-pressed samples as a function of milling times. Also, hardness of the Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy was investigated, and the results showed that hardness of the samples increased as the milling time increased. The compressive properties at room temperature are correlated to the corresponding hardness results. Distribution of ZrB2 particles and presence of agglomerates in the Cu matrix directly depend on the milling time and show strong influence on compressive properties and fracture of Cu7vol.%ZrB2 alloy.
PB  - Walter de Gruyter GmbH
T2  - Science and Engineering of Composite Materials
T1  - Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques
EP  - 671
IS  - 6
SP  - 665
VL  - 22
DO  - 10.1515/secm-2013-0178
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Stašić, Jelena M. and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Raić, Karlo and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy examined in this study was consolidated via powder metallurgy (PM) processing by combining mechanical alloying and hot pressing. Powder mixture with composition: 94.78 wt.% copper, 4.1 wt.% zirconium, and 1.12 wt.% boron was used as a starting material. Mechanical alloying of powder mixture was performed at various times: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 h. Structural changes that occur in the samples of copper alloy with 7vol.%ZrB2 after milling and during hot pressing process were studied with the use of X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was applied to examine the morphological properties and elemental analysis of the hot-pressed samples as a function of milling times. Also, hardness of the Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy was investigated, and the results showed that hardness of the samples increased as the milling time increased. The compressive properties at room temperature are correlated to the corresponding hardness results. Distribution of ZrB2 particles and presence of agglomerates in the Cu matrix directly depend on the milling time and show strong influence on compressive properties and fracture of Cu7vol.%ZrB2 alloy.",
publisher = "Walter de Gruyter GmbH",
journal = "Science and Engineering of Composite Materials",
title = "Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques",
pages = "671-665",
number = "6",
volume = "22",
doi = "10.1515/secm-2013-0178"
}

Ružić, J., Stašić, J. M., Rajković, V. M., Raić, K.,& Božić, D.. (2015). Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques. in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials
Walter de Gruyter GmbH., 22(6), 665-671.
https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0178

Ružić J, Stašić JM, Rajković VM, Raić K, Božić D. Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques. in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials. 2015;22(6):665-671.
doi:10.1515/secm-2013-0178 .

Ružić, Jovana, Stašić, Jelena M., Rajković, Višeslava M., Raić, Karlo, Božić, Dušan, "Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques" in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 22, no. 6 (2015):665-671,
https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0178 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Najdenov, Ivan
AU  - Kokeza, Gordana
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Odanović, Zoran
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2622
AB  - This work presents comparative analysis of energy consumption in copper production by 'standard' treatment (roasting in fluo-solid reactor and melting in reverberatory furnace) in Melting Plant in Bor with modern autogenous procedures. All forms of expended energy are reduced to primary energy or to the same energy form, i.e. to energy equivalent of process (EEP), raw material and process material, and also, energy equivalent of process and waste products (water vapour, thermal energy and similar) are balanced. To complete all energy generating products consumption in copper production, they are reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent=29,3 MJ/kg). It can be concluded that energy cost has large participation in the total costs, and efficient and competition of the process could be improved with reduction of that costs.
AB  - Ovaj rad predstavlja uporednu analizu potrošnje energije u proizvodnji bakra 'standardnim' postupkom (prženje u fluosolid reaktoru i topljenje u plamenoj peći) u topionici bakra u Boru sa savremenim autogenim postupcima topljenja. Za analizu je korišćena orginalna metodologija koja podrazumeva da su svi oblici utrošene energije svedeni na primarnu energiju ili na isti oblik, tj. na ekvivalent energije procesa (EEP) sirovina i procesnih materijala. Takođe su bilansirani i ekvivalenti energije procesa i nus proizvoda (vodena para, toplotna energija). U cilju kompletiranja potrošnje svih oblika energije koji nastaju u proizvodnji bakra, dati oblici energije svedeni su i na uslovno gorivo (ekvivalent uglja=29,3 MJ/kg). U radu je razmatrana i zamena zastarele tehnologije odgovarajućom autogenom tehnologijom topljenja, čime se doprinosi optimizaciji potrošnje energije, modernizaciji procesa, kao i većoj proizvodnji bakra u RTB-u Bor. Na taj način se zaključuje da se snižavanjem troškova energije, koji imaju znatno učešće u ukupnim troškovima, može bitno unaprediti efikasnost i konkurentnost predloženog procesa topljenja bakra.
PB  - Savez energetičara Jugoslavije, Beograd
T2  - Energija, ekonomija, ekologija
T1  - Tehno-ekonomski aspekti smanjenja potrošnje energije uvođenjem autogenog postupka topljenja bakra -na primeru Topionice bakra u Boru
EP  - 219
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 212
VL  - 16
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2622
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Najdenov, Ivan and Kokeza, Gordana and Raić, Karlo and Odanović, Zoran",
year = "2014",
abstract = "This work presents comparative analysis of energy consumption in copper production by 'standard' treatment (roasting in fluo-solid reactor and melting in reverberatory furnace) in Melting Plant in Bor with modern autogenous procedures. All forms of expended energy are reduced to primary energy or to the same energy form, i.e. to energy equivalent of process (EEP), raw material and process material, and also, energy equivalent of process and waste products (water vapour, thermal energy and similar) are balanced. To complete all energy generating products consumption in copper production, they are reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent=29,3 MJ/kg). It can be concluded that energy cost has large participation in the total costs, and efficient and competition of the process could be improved with reduction of that costs., Ovaj rad predstavlja uporednu analizu potrošnje energije u proizvodnji bakra 'standardnim' postupkom (prženje u fluosolid reaktoru i topljenje u plamenoj peći) u topionici bakra u Boru sa savremenim autogenim postupcima topljenja. Za analizu je korišćena orginalna metodologija koja podrazumeva da su svi oblici utrošene energije svedeni na primarnu energiju ili na isti oblik, tj. na ekvivalent energije procesa (EEP) sirovina i procesnih materijala. Takođe su bilansirani i ekvivalenti energije procesa i nus proizvoda (vodena para, toplotna energija). U cilju kompletiranja potrošnje svih oblika energije koji nastaju u proizvodnji bakra, dati oblici energije svedeni su i na uslovno gorivo (ekvivalent uglja=29,3 MJ/kg). U radu je razmatrana i zamena zastarele tehnologije odgovarajućom autogenom tehnologijom topljenja, čime se doprinosi optimizaciji potrošnje energije, modernizaciji procesa, kao i većoj proizvodnji bakra u RTB-u Bor. Na taj način se zaključuje da se snižavanjem troškova energije, koji imaju znatno učešće u ukupnim troškovima, može bitno unaprediti efikasnost i konkurentnost predloženog procesa topljenja bakra.",
publisher = "Savez energetičara Jugoslavije, Beograd",
journal = "Energija, ekonomija, ekologija",
title = "Tehno-ekonomski aspekti smanjenja potrošnje energije uvođenjem autogenog postupka topljenja bakra -na primeru Topionice bakra u Boru",
pages = "219-212",
number = "1-2",
volume = "16",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2622"
}

Najdenov, I., Kokeza, G., Raić, K.,& Odanović, Z.. (2014). Tehno-ekonomski aspekti smanjenja potrošnje energije uvođenjem autogenog postupka topljenja bakra -na primeru Topionice bakra u Boru. in Energija, ekonomija, ekologija
Savez energetičara Jugoslavije, Beograd., 16(1-2), 212-219.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2622

Najdenov I, Kokeza G, Raić K, Odanović Z. Tehno-ekonomski aspekti smanjenja potrošnje energije uvođenjem autogenog postupka topljenja bakra -na primeru Topionice bakra u Boru. in Energija, ekonomija, ekologija. 2014;16(1-2):212-219.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2622 .

Najdenov, Ivan, Kokeza, Gordana, Raić, Karlo, Odanović, Zoran, "Tehno-ekonomski aspekti smanjenja potrošnje energije uvođenjem autogenog postupka topljenja bakra -na primeru Topionice bakra u Boru" in Energija, ekonomija, ekologija, 16, no. 1-2 (2014):212-219,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2622 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radiša, R.
AU  - Manasijević, Srećko
AU  - Dolić, Natalija
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Radiša, Radomir
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5774
AB  - This paper presents the results of identifying and analyzing the phases present in the microstructure of 4 aluminum piston alloys with different chemical composition. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of the samples and EDS analysis was used to identify the composition of the phases. The phase stoichiometry was identified by comparing the results of EDS analysis with the results reported in the studied literature. The results show that different intermetallic phases can appear depending on the chemical composition of the microstructure of aluminum piston alloys.
PB  - Associazione Italiana di Metallurgia
T2  - Metallurgia Italiana
T1  - Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys
EP  - 19
IS  - 3
SP  - 13
VL  - 106
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5774
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Radiša, R. and Manasijević, Srećko and Dolić, Natalija and Raić, Karlo and Radiša, Radomir",
year = "2014",
abstract = "This paper presents the results of identifying and analyzing the phases present in the microstructure of 4 aluminum piston alloys with different chemical composition. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the microstructure of the samples and EDS analysis was used to identify the composition of the phases. The phase stoichiometry was identified by comparing the results of EDS analysis with the results reported in the studied literature. The results show that different intermetallic phases can appear depending on the chemical composition of the microstructure of aluminum piston alloys.",
publisher = "Associazione Italiana di Metallurgia",
journal = "Metallurgia Italiana",
title = "Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys",
pages = "19-13",
number = "3",
volume = "106",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5774"
}

Radiša, R., Manasijević, S., Dolić, N., Raić, K.,& Radiša, R.. (2014). Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys. in Metallurgia Italiana
Associazione Italiana di Metallurgia., 106(3), 13-19.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5774

Radiša R, Manasijević S, Dolić N, Raić K, Radiša R. Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys. in Metallurgia Italiana. 2014;106(3):13-19.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5774 .

Radiša, R., Manasijević, Srećko, Dolić, Natalija, Raić, Karlo, Radiša, Radomir, "Identification of phases formed by Cu and Ni in Al-Si piston alloys" in Metallurgia Italiana, 106, no. 3 (2014):13-19,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5774 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pocajt, Svetlana
AU  - Ristić, Mirjana
AU  - Perić-Grujić, Aleksandra
AU  - Pocajt, Viktor
AU  - Raić, Karlo
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2323
AB  - This paper presents an innovative model for the comparison and cross- referencing of metal alloys, in order to determine their interchangeability in engineering, manufacturing and material sourcing. The model uses a large alloy database and statistical approach to estimate missing composition and mechanical properties parameters and to calculate property intervals. A classification of metals and fuzzy logic are then applied to compare metal alloys. The model and its algorithm have been implemented and tested in real-life applications. In this paper, an application of the model in finding unknown equivalent metals by comparing their compositions and mechanical properties in a very large metals database is described, and possibilities for further research and new applications are presented.
PB  - Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia
T2  - Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
T1  - A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys
EP  - 306
IS  - 4
SP  - 295
VL  - 19
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2323
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Pocajt, Svetlana and Ristić, Mirjana and Perić-Grujić, Aleksandra and Pocajt, Viktor and Raić, Karlo",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper presents an innovative model for the comparison and cross- referencing of metal alloys, in order to determine their interchangeability in engineering, manufacturing and material sourcing. The model uses a large alloy database and statistical approach to estimate missing composition and mechanical properties parameters and to calculate property intervals. A classification of metals and fuzzy logic are then applied to compare metal alloys. The model and its algorithm have been implemented and tested in real-life applications. In this paper, an application of the model in finding unknown equivalent metals by comparing their compositions and mechanical properties in a very large metals database is described, and possibilities for further research and new applications are presented.",
publisher = "Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia",
journal = "Metallurgical & Materials Engineering",
title = "A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys",
pages = "306-295",
number = "4",
volume = "19",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2323"
}

Pocajt, S., Ristić, M., Perić-Grujić, A., Pocajt, V.,& Raić, K.. (2013). A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia., 19(4), 295-306.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2323

Pocajt S, Ristić M, Perić-Grujić A, Pocajt V, Raić K. A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys. in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering. 2013;19(4):295-306.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2323 .

Pocajt, Svetlana, Ristić, Mirjana, Perić-Grujić, Aleksandra, Pocajt, Viktor, Raić, Karlo, "A model for cross-referencing and calculating similarity of metal alloys" in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, 19, no. 4 (2013):295-306,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2323 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamberović, Željko
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Filipović, M.
AU  - Andić, Z.
AU  - Korać, Marija
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1967
AB  - Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO3 powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1μm in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO3 powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO3 reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900oC occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800oC is Ea1=7.5±0.1kJ/mol, where as for the temperature interval from 800 to 900oC, activation energy is Ea2=14.6±0.1kJ/mol. A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder 1μm in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.
PB  - Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest
T2  - Metalurgia International
T1  - The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (VI)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor
EP  - 21
IS  - 4
SP  - 16
VL  - 17
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1967
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kamberović, Željko and Raić, Karlo and Filipović, M. and Andić, Z. and Korać, Marija",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO3 powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1μm in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO3 powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO3 reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900oC occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800oC is Ea1=7.5±0.1kJ/mol, where as for the temperature interval from 800 to 900oC, activation energy is Ea2=14.6±0.1kJ/mol. A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder 1μm in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.",
publisher = "Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest",
journal = "Metalurgia International",
title = "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (VI)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor",
pages = "21-16",
number = "4",
volume = "17",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1967"
}

Kamberović, Ž., Raić, K., Filipović, M., Andić, Z.,& Korać, M.. (2012). The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (VI)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International
Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest., 17(4), 16-21.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1967

Kamberović Ž, Raić K, Filipović M, Andić Z, Korać M. The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (VI)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International. 2012;17(4):16-21.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1967 .

Kamberović, Željko, Raić, Karlo, Filipović, M., Andić, Z., Korać, Marija, "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (VI)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor" in Metalurgia International, 17, no. 4 (2012):16-21,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1967 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Slović, Zoran
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Nedeljković, Ljubomir
AU  - Volkov-Husović, Tatjana
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2000
AB  - A slag-metal equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the effect of oxygen activity on the sulfur partition for CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag. The sulfide capacity C-s prediction models by Sosinsky-Sommerville based on the optical basicity Lambda and the KTH model in terms of the defined interaction coefficient of the component i to j xi(i-j)(Interaction) is used in this work for both a comparison and an estimation of the sulfur partition ratio between ladle-treated slag and liquid steel. From the obtained results, it was shown that the Sosinsky-Sommerville optical basicity approach gives higher values for the sulfur partition ratio (L-s) compared with the KTH model.
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - Relationship between the calculated oxygen activity and the sulfur partition ratio for cao-al2o3-sio2-mgo slag during ladle refining
EP  - 688
IS  - 6
SP  - 683
VL  - 46
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2000
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Slović, Zoran and Raić, Karlo and Nedeljković, Ljubomir and Volkov-Husović, Tatjana",
year = "2012",
abstract = "A slag-metal equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the effect of oxygen activity on the sulfur partition for CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag. The sulfide capacity C-s prediction models by Sosinsky-Sommerville based on the optical basicity Lambda and the KTH model in terms of the defined interaction coefficient of the component i to j xi(i-j)(Interaction) is used in this work for both a comparison and an estimation of the sulfur partition ratio between ladle-treated slag and liquid steel. From the obtained results, it was shown that the Sosinsky-Sommerville optical basicity approach gives higher values for the sulfur partition ratio (L-s) compared with the KTH model.",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "Relationship between the calculated oxygen activity and the sulfur partition ratio for cao-al2o3-sio2-mgo slag during ladle refining",
pages = "688-683",
number = "6",
volume = "46",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2000"
}

Slović, Z., Raić, K., Nedeljković, L.,& Volkov-Husović, T.. (2012). Relationship between the calculated oxygen activity and the sulfur partition ratio for cao-al2o3-sio2-mgo slag during ladle refining. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 46(6), 683-688.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2000

Slović Z, Raić K, Nedeljković L, Volkov-Husović T. Relationship between the calculated oxygen activity and the sulfur partition ratio for cao-al2o3-sio2-mgo slag during ladle refining. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2012;46(6):683-688.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2000 .

Slović, Zoran, Raić, Karlo, Nedeljković, Ljubomir, Volkov-Husović, Tatjana, "Relationship between the calculated oxygen activity and the sulfur partition ratio for cao-al2o3-sio2-mgo slag during ladle refining" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 46, no. 6 (2012):683-688,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2000 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Najdenov, Ivan
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Kokeza, Gordana
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2134
AB  - This work presents a comparative analysis of the energy consumption during copper production by the "standard" procedure (roasting in a fluo-solid reactor and smelting in a reverberatory furnace) in the Smelting Plant in Bor with modern autogenous procedures. All forms of expended energy were reduced to primary energy or to the same energy form, i.e., to the energy equivalent of the process (EEP), the raw material and the process materials. In addition, the energy equivalent of the process and waste products (water vapour, thermal energy and similar) were balanced. To complete the consumption of all energy generating products in copper production, they were reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent = 29.3 MJ/kg). Additionally, this study suggests replacement of the existing technology by an appropriate autogenous procedure and considers the prospects for further development of mining and metallurgy in Bor. Estimates of development perspectives for copper production should be comprehensive, based on complete and relevant data, as well as on real considerations of future development in world production.
PB  - Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Energy
T1  - Aspects of energy reduction by autogenous copper production in the copper smelting plant Bor
EP  - 384
IS  - 1
SP  - 376
VL  - 43
DO  - 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.007
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Najdenov, Ivan and Raić, Karlo and Kokeza, Gordana",
year = "2012",
abstract = "This work presents a comparative analysis of the energy consumption during copper production by the "standard" procedure (roasting in a fluo-solid reactor and smelting in a reverberatory furnace) in the Smelting Plant in Bor with modern autogenous procedures. All forms of expended energy were reduced to primary energy or to the same energy form, i.e., to the energy equivalent of the process (EEP), the raw material and the process materials. In addition, the energy equivalent of the process and waste products (water vapour, thermal energy and similar) were balanced. To complete the consumption of all energy generating products in copper production, they were reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent = 29.3 MJ/kg). Additionally, this study suggests replacement of the existing technology by an appropriate autogenous procedure and considers the prospects for further development of mining and metallurgy in Bor. Estimates of development perspectives for copper production should be comprehensive, based on complete and relevant data, as well as on real considerations of future development in world production.",
publisher = "Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Energy",
title = "Aspects of energy reduction by autogenous copper production in the copper smelting plant Bor",
pages = "384-376",
number = "1",
volume = "43",
doi = "10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.007"
}

Najdenov, I., Raić, K.,& Kokeza, G.. (2012). Aspects of energy reduction by autogenous copper production in the copper smelting plant Bor. in Energy
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford., 43(1), 376-384.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.007

Najdenov I, Raić K, Kokeza G. Aspects of energy reduction by autogenous copper production in the copper smelting plant Bor. in Energy. 2012;43(1):376-384.
doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.007 .

Najdenov, Ivan, Raić, Karlo, Kokeza, Gordana, "Aspects of energy reduction by autogenous copper production in the copper smelting plant Bor" in Energy, 43, no. 1 (2012):376-384,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.007 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamberović, Željko
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Filipović, Mirjana
AU  - Andić, Zoran
AU  - Korać, Marija
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2229
AB  - Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO 3 powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1,mu m in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO3 powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO3 reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900 degrees C occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800 degrees C is E-a1=7.5 +/- 0.1 kJ/mol, whereas for the temperature interval from 800 to 900 degrees C, activation energy is E-a2=14.6 +/- 0.1 kJ/mol. A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder I pm in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.
PB  - Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest
T2  - Metalurgia International
T1  - The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor
EP  - 13
IS  - 4
SP  - 8
VL  - 17
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2229
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kamberović, Željko and Raić, Karlo and Filipović, Mirjana and Andić, Zoran and Korać, Marija",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO 3 powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1,mu m in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO3 powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO3 reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900 degrees C occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800 degrees C is E-a1=7.5 +/- 0.1 kJ/mol, whereas for the temperature interval from 800 to 900 degrees C, activation energy is E-a2=14.6 +/- 0.1 kJ/mol. A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder I pm in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.",
publisher = "Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest",
journal = "Metalurgia International",
title = "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor",
pages = "13-8",
number = "4",
volume = "17",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2229"
}

Kamberović, Ž., Raić, K., Filipović, M., Andić, Z.,& Korać, M.. (2012). The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International
Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest., 17(4), 8-13.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2229

Kamberović Ž, Raić K, Filipović M, Andić Z, Korać M. The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International. 2012;17(4):8-13.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2229 .

Kamberović, Željko, Raić, Karlo, Filipović, Mirjana, Andić, Zoran, Korać, Marija, "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor" in Metalurgia International, 17, no. 4 (2012):8-13,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_2229 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milinković, Iva
AU  - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
AU  - Aleksić, Zoran
AU  - Lazić, Vojkan
AU  - Todorović, Aleksandar
AU  - Stamenković, Dragoslav
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5667
AB  - The shape and chemical composition, as well as the macro- and microtopography, of an implant surface have been studied widely as the major factors that positively influence implant osseointegration. Titanium and titanium alloys have been used extensively over the past 20 years as biomedical materials in orthopedic and dental surgery because of their good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, no cell toxicity, and very poor inflammatory response in pen-implant tissue, which confirms their high biocompatibility. Their favorable biological performance is attributed to a thin native oxide film that forms spontaneously on the titanium surface. It is well established that surface roughness plays an important role in implant fixation. Accordingly, some authors have indicated the existence of an optimal range of surface roughness. The titanium surface can be either chemically or physically modified, or both, in order to improve biomaterial tissue integration. Different treatments are used to modify the titanium surface. Hydroxyapatite coatings, preceded or not by acid etching, are used to create a rough, potentially bioactive surface. Oxide blasting treatments, either with or without chemical etching, are used to develop rough surfaces. Thick oxide films obtained by anodic or thermal oxidation have been used to accelerate the osseointegration process. The ideal microtopography of the surface is still unknown, however, because it is very difficult to associate surface properties with clinical results. As more accurate knowledge is required, several Ti surfaces have been analyzed and the endosseous implant surface modified on the micro level has been thoroughly studied. Additionally, the production of gold (Au) nanoparticles to be added to the micron-scale modified surface has been performed. In this respect, an appropriate overview of our results is given.
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - Aspects of titanium-implant surface modification at the micro and nano levels
EP  - 256
IS  - 3
SP  - 251
VL  - 46
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1680
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milinković, Iva and Rudolf, Rebeka and Raić, Karlo T. and Aleksić, Zoran and Lazić, Vojkan and Todorović, Aleksandar and Stamenković, Dragoslav",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The shape and chemical composition, as well as the macro- and microtopography, of an implant surface have been studied widely as the major factors that positively influence implant osseointegration. Titanium and titanium alloys have been used extensively over the past 20 years as biomedical materials in orthopedic and dental surgery because of their good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, no cell toxicity, and very poor inflammatory response in pen-implant tissue, which confirms their high biocompatibility. Their favorable biological performance is attributed to a thin native oxide film that forms spontaneously on the titanium surface. It is well established that surface roughness plays an important role in implant fixation. Accordingly, some authors have indicated the existence of an optimal range of surface roughness. The titanium surface can be either chemically or physically modified, or both, in order to improve biomaterial tissue integration. Different treatments are used to modify the titanium surface. Hydroxyapatite coatings, preceded or not by acid etching, are used to create a rough, potentially bioactive surface. Oxide blasting treatments, either with or without chemical etching, are used to develop rough surfaces. Thick oxide films obtained by anodic or thermal oxidation have been used to accelerate the osseointegration process. The ideal microtopography of the surface is still unknown, however, because it is very difficult to associate surface properties with clinical results. As more accurate knowledge is required, several Ti surfaces have been analyzed and the endosseous implant surface modified on the micro level has been thoroughly studied. Additionally, the production of gold (Au) nanoparticles to be added to the micron-scale modified surface has been performed. In this respect, an appropriate overview of our results is given.",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "Aspects of titanium-implant surface modification at the micro and nano levels",
pages = "256-251",
number = "3",
volume = "46",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1680"
}

Milinković, I., Rudolf, R., Raić, K. T., Aleksić, Z., Lazić, V., Todorović, A.,& Stamenković, D.. (2012). Aspects of titanium-implant surface modification at the micro and nano levels. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 46(3), 251-256.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1680

Milinković I, Rudolf R, Raić KT, Aleksić Z, Lazić V, Todorović A, Stamenković D. Aspects of titanium-implant surface modification at the micro and nano levels. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2012;46(3):251-256.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1680 .

Milinković, Iva, Rudolf, Rebeka, Raić, Karlo T., Aleksić, Zoran, Lazić, Vojkan, Todorović, Aleksandar, Stamenković, Dragoslav, "Aspects of titanium-implant surface modification at the micro and nano levels" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 46, no. 3 (2012):251-256,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1680 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Najdenov, Ivan
AU  - Radiša, Radomir
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5729
AB  - An analytical model for the optimization of the consumption of materials and energents in a typical copper casting process based on a standard simulation procedure is presented. The proposed microeconomic analysis in correlation with the virtual manufacture of castings enabled a shortening of the time required to develop a product, as well as the fabrication of high quality castings, which could be a crucial contribution to the achievement of increased engineering adequacy and economic competitiveness. In this sense, the article demonstrates the beneficial employment of mathematical programming within a systematic economic analysis. The analyzed casting process is a part of the metallurgical manufacturing operations of the Copper Smelter and Refinery Bor, Serbia.
PB  - Edimet SpA
T2  - Metallurgia Italiana
T1  - Microeconomics of the materials and energents consumption in a simulated copper casting process
EP  - 56
IS  - 5
SP  - 51
VL  - 104
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5729
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Najdenov, Ivan and Radiša, Radomir and Raić, Karlo T.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "An analytical model for the optimization of the consumption of materials and energents in a typical copper casting process based on a standard simulation procedure is presented. The proposed microeconomic analysis in correlation with the virtual manufacture of castings enabled a shortening of the time required to develop a product, as well as the fabrication of high quality castings, which could be a crucial contribution to the achievement of increased engineering adequacy and economic competitiveness. In this sense, the article demonstrates the beneficial employment of mathematical programming within a systematic economic analysis. The analyzed casting process is a part of the metallurgical manufacturing operations of the Copper Smelter and Refinery Bor, Serbia.",
publisher = "Edimet SpA",
journal = "Metallurgia Italiana",
title = "Microeconomics of the materials and energents consumption in a simulated copper casting process",
pages = "56-51",
number = "5",
volume = "104",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5729"
}

Najdenov, I., Radiša, R.,& Raić, K. T.. (2012). Microeconomics of the materials and energents consumption in a simulated copper casting process. in Metallurgia Italiana
Edimet SpA., 104(5), 51-56.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5729

Najdenov I, Radiša R, Raić KT. Microeconomics of the materials and energents consumption in a simulated copper casting process. in Metallurgia Italiana. 2012;104(5):51-56.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5729 .

Najdenov, Ivan, Radiša, Radomir, Raić, Karlo T., "Microeconomics of the materials and energents consumption in a simulated copper casting process" in Metallurgia Italiana, 104, no. 5 (2012):51-56,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_5729 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamberović, Željko
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Filipović, Mirjana
AU  - Anđić, Zoran
AU  - Korać, Marija
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1745
AB  - Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO(3) powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1 mu m in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO(3) powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO(3) reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900 degrees C occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800 degrees C is E(a1)=7.5+/-0.1kJ/mol, whereas for the temperature interval from 800 to 900 degrees C, activation energy is E(a2)=14.6+/-0.1 kJ/ma A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder 1 mu m in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.
PB  - Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest
T2  - Metalurgia International
T1  - The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor
EP  - 57
IS  - 12
SP  - 52
VL  - 16
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1745
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kamberović, Željko and Raić, Karlo and Filipović, Mirjana and Anđić, Zoran and Korać, Marija",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Presented study shows the analysis of the process of reduction of WO(3) powder with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor, representing a new approach in comparison to the conventional methods in the horizontal tube reactor. SEM analysis of the synthetisized tungsten powder shows the existence of particles, approximately 1 mu m in size, both individual ones and those within the porous agglomerates with a spongy structure. In order to study the mechanism and kinetics of the reduction process, the reduction degree and retention time of particles of WO(3) powder in the reaction zone were calculated using a developed mathematical model, based on the application of Stokes' law. Kinetic parameters and activation energies were determined at the corresponding temperature intervals. Kinetic analysis showed that the process of WO(3) reduction with hydrogen in the vertical tube reactor in the temperature interval from 700 to 900 degrees C occurs in the kinetic zone. Activation energy for the temperature interval from 700 to 800 degrees C is E(a1)=7.5+/-0.1kJ/mol, whereas for the temperature interval from 800 to 900 degrees C, activation energy is E(a2)=14.6+/-0.1 kJ/ma A model was proposed describing the mechanism of the reduction process in the vertical tube reactor according to which particles of tungsten powder 1 mu m in size arise from the stretching and cracking of coarse particles in the reduction zone, as well as from the appropriate temperature shock outside this zone.",
publisher = "Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest",
journal = "Metalurgia International",
title = "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor",
pages = "57-52",
number = "12",
volume = "16",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1745"
}

Kamberović, Ž., Raić, K., Filipović, M., Anđić, Z.,& Korać, M.. (2011). The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International
Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest., 16(12), 52-57.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1745

Kamberović Ž, Raić K, Filipović M, Anđić Z, Korać M. The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor. in Metalurgia International. 2011;16(12):52-57.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1745 .

Kamberović, Željko, Raić, Karlo, Filipović, Mirjana, Anđić, Zoran, Korać, Marija, "The mechanism and kinetics of the tungsten (vi)-oxide reduction in the vertical tube reactor" in Metalurgia International, 16, no. 12 (2011):52-57,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1745 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stopić, Srećko
AU  - Friedrich, Bernd
AU  - Volkov-Husović, Tatjana
AU  - Raić, Karlo
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1749
AB  - In 2006 the authors presented in Metall [Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 377-382] first results on this promising new technology for nanopowder synthesis. Since then a significant improvement and up-scaling took place at IME Aachen and this article present the first results in the unique vertical tube reactor. Spherical, non-agglomerated nanosized particles of silver were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of solutions from silver nitrate in nitrogen atmosphere. A controlled particle size was realized through the choice of the solution concentration as well as by changing the aerosol decomposition parameters. The experimental investigations were performed by an ultrasonic source of 2.5 MHz, acting on the water solution of the silver nitrate forming aerosols with constant droplet sizes. The droplet size depends on the characteristics of the solution and the frequency of the ultrasound. Subsequent thermal decomposition of the aerosol droplets was performed in nitrogen atmosphere between 300 °C and 600 °C. During synthesis the particle sizes of nanosized silver are measured using SMPS. The residence time and time for nanoparticle formation was calculated using a new mathematical model proposed in this work. Silver nanoparticles were collected in an electrostatic field. The paper presents also ways to control synthesis over the choice of the reaction parameters and compares the experimental results with a model.
T2  - Metall
T1  - Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 2)
EP  - 150
IS  - 4
SP  - 147
VL  - 65
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1749
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stopić, Srećko and Friedrich, Bernd and Volkov-Husović, Tatjana and Raić, Karlo",
year = "2011",
abstract = "In 2006 the authors presented in Metall [Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 377-382] first results on this promising new technology for nanopowder synthesis. Since then a significant improvement and up-scaling took place at IME Aachen and this article present the first results in the unique vertical tube reactor. Spherical, non-agglomerated nanosized particles of silver were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of solutions from silver nitrate in nitrogen atmosphere. A controlled particle size was realized through the choice of the solution concentration as well as by changing the aerosol decomposition parameters. The experimental investigations were performed by an ultrasonic source of 2.5 MHz, acting on the water solution of the silver nitrate forming aerosols with constant droplet sizes. The droplet size depends on the characteristics of the solution and the frequency of the ultrasound. Subsequent thermal decomposition of the aerosol droplets was performed in nitrogen atmosphere between 300 °C and 600 °C. During synthesis the particle sizes of nanosized silver are measured using SMPS. The residence time and time for nanoparticle formation was calculated using a new mathematical model proposed in this work. Silver nanoparticles were collected in an electrostatic field. The paper presents also ways to control synthesis over the choice of the reaction parameters and compares the experimental results with a model.",
journal = "Metall",
title = "Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 2)",
pages = "150-147",
number = "4",
volume = "65",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1749"
}

Stopić, S., Friedrich, B., Volkov-Husović, T.,& Raić, K.. (2011). Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 2). in Metall, 65(4), 147-150.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1749

Stopić S, Friedrich B, Volkov-Husović T, Raić K. Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 2). in Metall. 2011;65(4):147-150.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1749 .

Stopić, Srećko, Friedrich, Bernd, Volkov-Husović, Tatjana, Raić, Karlo, "Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 2)" in Metall, 65, no. 4 (2011):147-150,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1749 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Najdenov, Ivan
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Kokeza, Gordana
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1754
AB  - Copper melting and refining include consumption of significant quantities of almost all kinds of conventional energents. Consumption is high in nominal as well as in specific form. This paper presents the analysis of energent consumption on concrete example of unique and only one Copper Melting and Refining Plant in Bor, Serbia, for the 7-year-period, divided in two periods good (1996-1998.) and bad (1999-2002), compared with referent year (1999). To get more detailed analysis, all energents were reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent). In the process of electrical enemy reduction to energy equivalent, we used the value of 0.54 for recovery level of energetic system of Republic of Serbia. Taking into account that energents participation in total costs on copper line is 35% - 45%, depending on capacity utilization, their well defined position can be of significant importance for increasing profit.
PB  - Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest
T2  - Metalurgia International
T1  - Economic insight into energents consumption in copper melting and refining plants of Serbia using the method of reduction to conditional fuel (coal equivalent)
EP  - 86
IS  - 10
SP  - 79
VL  - 16
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1754
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Najdenov, Ivan and Raić, Karlo and Kokeza, Gordana",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Copper melting and refining include consumption of significant quantities of almost all kinds of conventional energents. Consumption is high in nominal as well as in specific form. This paper presents the analysis of energent consumption on concrete example of unique and only one Copper Melting and Refining Plant in Bor, Serbia, for the 7-year-period, divided in two periods good (1996-1998.) and bad (1999-2002), compared with referent year (1999). To get more detailed analysis, all energents were reduced to conditional fuel (coal equivalent). In the process of electrical enemy reduction to energy equivalent, we used the value of 0.54 for recovery level of energetic system of Republic of Serbia. Taking into account that energents participation in total costs on copper line is 35% - 45%, depending on capacity utilization, their well defined position can be of significant importance for increasing profit.",
publisher = "Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest",
journal = "Metalurgia International",
title = "Economic insight into energents consumption in copper melting and refining plants of Serbia using the method of reduction to conditional fuel (coal equivalent)",
pages = "86-79",
number = "10",
volume = "16",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1754"
}

Najdenov, I., Raić, K.,& Kokeza, G.. (2011). Economic insight into energents consumption in copper melting and refining plants of Serbia using the method of reduction to conditional fuel (coal equivalent). in Metalurgia International
Editura Stiintifica Fmr, Bucharest., 16(10), 79-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1754

Najdenov I, Raić K, Kokeza G. Economic insight into energents consumption in copper melting and refining plants of Serbia using the method of reduction to conditional fuel (coal equivalent). in Metalurgia International. 2011;16(10):79-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1754 .

Najdenov, Ivan, Raić, Karlo, Kokeza, Gordana, "Economic insight into energents consumption in copper melting and refining plants of Serbia using the method of reduction to conditional fuel (coal equivalent)" in Metalurgia International, 16, no. 10 (2011):79-86,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1754 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kamberović, Željko
AU  - Filipović, Dušica
AU  - Raić, Karlo
AU  - Tasić, Miloš
AU  - Andić, Zoran
AU  - Gavrilovski, Milorad
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1883
AB  - The reduction of WO(3) with hydrogen in a vertical tube reactor is a new approach to the reduction of tungsten oxide compared to conventional procedures in a stationary layer. The advantage of this method is the intensive contact between the reducent and the oxide particles, a higher degree and a shorter time of reduction of only a few seconds, compared to the several hours processing time in a horizontal tube reactor. The characterization of the WO(3) powder and of the tungsten powder included a SEM microstructural examination and DT/TG analyses. The SEM examination of the tungsten powder indicates the presence of small particles with a size of about 1 mu m, also within an agglomerated porous foam structure. Tungsten powder with a particle size of less than 1 mu m is obtained at an optimal temperature with a suitable flow of hydrogen, as a result of stretching and the cracking of large particles, first in the reaction zone, and then, due to appropriate shock of the temperature, outside of this zone. Using an appropriate mathematical model, the degree of reduction and the time required for the formation of tungsten particles during the hydrogen reduction of WO(3) in a vertical tube reactor were determined. Experimental studies have shown that the degree of reduction of WO(3) with hydrogen in a vertical tube reactor increases with the temperature and the flow of hydrogen.
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - Reduction of ultra-fine tungsten powder with tungsten (vi) oxide in a vertical tube reactor
EP  - 32
IS  - 1
SP  - 27
VL  - 45
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1883
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kamberović, Željko and Filipović, Dušica and Raić, Karlo and Tasić, Miloš and Andić, Zoran and Gavrilovski, Milorad",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The reduction of WO(3) with hydrogen in a vertical tube reactor is a new approach to the reduction of tungsten oxide compared to conventional procedures in a stationary layer. The advantage of this method is the intensive contact between the reducent and the oxide particles, a higher degree and a shorter time of reduction of only a few seconds, compared to the several hours processing time in a horizontal tube reactor. The characterization of the WO(3) powder and of the tungsten powder included a SEM microstructural examination and DT/TG analyses. The SEM examination of the tungsten powder indicates the presence of small particles with a size of about 1 mu m, also within an agglomerated porous foam structure. Tungsten powder with a particle size of less than 1 mu m is obtained at an optimal temperature with a suitable flow of hydrogen, as a result of stretching and the cracking of large particles, first in the reaction zone, and then, due to appropriate shock of the temperature, outside of this zone. Using an appropriate mathematical model, the degree of reduction and the time required for the formation of tungsten particles during the hydrogen reduction of WO(3) in a vertical tube reactor were determined. Experimental studies have shown that the degree of reduction of WO(3) with hydrogen in a vertical tube reactor increases with the temperature and the flow of hydrogen.",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "Reduction of ultra-fine tungsten powder with tungsten (vi) oxide in a vertical tube reactor",
pages = "32-27",
number = "1",
volume = "45",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1883"
}

Kamberović, Ž., Filipović, D., Raić, K., Tasić, M., Andić, Z.,& Gavrilovski, M.. (2011). Reduction of ultra-fine tungsten powder with tungsten (vi) oxide in a vertical tube reactor. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 45(1), 27-32.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1883

Kamberović Ž, Filipović D, Raić K, Tasić M, Andić Z, Gavrilovski M. Reduction of ultra-fine tungsten powder with tungsten (vi) oxide in a vertical tube reactor. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2011;45(1):27-32.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1883 .

Kamberović, Željko, Filipović, Dušica, Raić, Karlo, Tasić, Miloš, Andić, Zoran, Gavrilovski, Milorad, "Reduction of ultra-fine tungsten powder with tungsten (vi) oxide in a vertical tube reactor" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 45, no. 1 (2011):27-32,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1883 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
AU  - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Ternik, Primoz
AU  - Zunić, Zoran
AU  - Lazić, Vojkan
AU  - Stamenković, Dragoslav
AU  - Tanasković, Tatjana
AU  - Anžel, Ivan
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5628
AB  - This work presents the possibility of numerical modelling using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the field of nano-foils. The governing equations were solved using a Finite Volume Methodology (FVM). The computational domain was discretized using a uniform Cartesian grid with the appropriate mesh size along the x and y directions employing the corresponding number of grid points. The field variables were discretized at the cell centres and the spatial, as well as the time, derivatives were approximated using the second-order accurate numerical scheme. The time-evolution of the temperature and concentration fields, as well as the atomic diffusion coefficient, will be presented for the appropriate Al-Au nano-foil geometry and boundary conditions.
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - CFD analysis of exothermic reactions in al-au nano multi-layered foils
EP  - 338
IS  - 4
SP  - 335
VL  - 45
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1642
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Raić, Karlo T. and Rudolf, Rebeka and Ternik, Primoz and Zunić, Zoran and Lazić, Vojkan and Stamenković, Dragoslav and Tanasković, Tatjana and Anžel, Ivan",
year = "2011",
abstract = "This work presents the possibility of numerical modelling using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the field of nano-foils. The governing equations were solved using a Finite Volume Methodology (FVM). The computational domain was discretized using a uniform Cartesian grid with the appropriate mesh size along the x and y directions employing the corresponding number of grid points. The field variables were discretized at the cell centres and the spatial, as well as the time, derivatives were approximated using the second-order accurate numerical scheme. The time-evolution of the temperature and concentration fields, as well as the atomic diffusion coefficient, will be presented for the appropriate Al-Au nano-foil geometry and boundary conditions.",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "CFD analysis of exothermic reactions in al-au nano multi-layered foils",
pages = "338-335",
number = "4",
volume = "45",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1642"
}

Raić, K. T., Rudolf, R., Ternik, P., Zunić, Z., Lazić, V., Stamenković, D., Tanasković, T.,& Anžel, I.. (2011). CFD analysis of exothermic reactions in al-au nano multi-layered foils. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 45(4), 335-338.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1642

Raić KT, Rudolf R, Ternik P, Zunić Z, Lazić V, Stamenković D, Tanasković T, Anžel I. CFD analysis of exothermic reactions in al-au nano multi-layered foils. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2011;45(4):335-338.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1642 .

Raić, Karlo T., Rudolf, Rebeka, Ternik, Primoz, Zunić, Zoran, Lazić, Vojkan, Stamenković, Dragoslav, Tanasković, Tatjana, Anžel, Ivan, "CFD analysis of exothermic reactions in al-au nano multi-layered foils" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 45, no. 4 (2011):335-338,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1642 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stopić, Srećko
AU  - Friedrich, Bernd
AU  - Volkov-Husović, Tatjana
AU  - Raić, Karlo
PY  - 2010
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1543
AB  - In 2006 the authors presented in METALL [Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 377-382] first results on this promising new technology for nano-powder synthesis. Since then a significant improvement and up-scaling took place at IME Aachen and this article presents the first results in the unique vertical tube reactor. Spherical, non-agglomerated nanosized particles of silver were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of solutions from silver nitrate in nitrogen atmosphere. A controlled particle size was realized through the choice of the solution concentration as well as by changing the aerosol decomposition parameters. The experimental investigations were performed by an ultrasonic source of 2.5 MHz, acting on the water solution of the silver nitrate forming aerosols with constant droplet sizes. The droplet size depends on the characteristics of the solution and the frequency of the ultrasound. Subsequent thermal decomposition of the aerosol droplets was performed in nitrogen atmosphere between 300 °C and 600 °C. During synthesis the particle sizes of nanosized silver are measured using SMPS. The residence time and time for nanoparticle formation was calculated using a new mathematical model proposed in this work. Silver nanoparticles were collected in an electrostatic field. The paper presents also ways to control synthesis over the choice of the reaction parameters and compares the experimental results with a model.
T2  - Metall
T1  - Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis - Progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 1)
EP  - 477
IS  - 10
SP  - 474
VL  - 64
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1543
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stopić, Srećko and Friedrich, Bernd and Volkov-Husović, Tatjana and Raić, Karlo",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In 2006 the authors presented in METALL [Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 377-382] first results on this promising new technology for nano-powder synthesis. Since then a significant improvement and up-scaling took place at IME Aachen and this article presents the first results in the unique vertical tube reactor. Spherical, non-agglomerated nanosized particles of silver were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of solutions from silver nitrate in nitrogen atmosphere. A controlled particle size was realized through the choice of the solution concentration as well as by changing the aerosol decomposition parameters. The experimental investigations were performed by an ultrasonic source of 2.5 MHz, acting on the water solution of the silver nitrate forming aerosols with constant droplet sizes. The droplet size depends on the characteristics of the solution and the frequency of the ultrasound. Subsequent thermal decomposition of the aerosol droplets was performed in nitrogen atmosphere between 300 °C and 600 °C. During synthesis the particle sizes of nanosized silver are measured using SMPS. The residence time and time for nanoparticle formation was calculated using a new mathematical model proposed in this work. Silver nanoparticles were collected in an electrostatic field. The paper presents also ways to control synthesis over the choice of the reaction parameters and compares the experimental results with a model.",
journal = "Metall",
title = "Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis - Progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 1)",
pages = "477-474",
number = "10",
volume = "64",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1543"
}

Stopić, S., Friedrich, B., Volkov-Husović, T.,& Raić, K.. (2010). Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis - Progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 1). in Metall, 64(10), 474-477.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1543

Stopić S, Friedrich B, Volkov-Husović T, Raić K. Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis - Progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 1). in Metall. 2010;64(10):474-477.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1543 .

Stopić, Srećko, Friedrich, Bernd, Volkov-Husović, Tatjana, Raić, Karlo, "Mechanism and kinetics of nanosilver formation by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis - Progress report after successful up-scaling (Part 1)" in Metall, 64, no. 10 (2010):474-477,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1543 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
AU  - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Todorović, Aleksandar
AU  - Stamenković, Dragoslav
AU  - Anžel, Ivan
PY  - 2010
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5603
AB  - Metal-ceramic fusing has been the essential step in obtaining materials that benefit from both ceramic and metal constituents. i e where the combined properties of metal and ceramic layers are desirable When considering fusing methods. soldering and active metal brazing are the most effective These processes involve braze melting and flowing between the two pieces of material In the first part the phenomena occurring on the boundary between the ceramics and the active filler metal during the metal-ceramics joining are discussed Three interconnected sub-processes are considered (1) wetting of the ceramic surface. (2) chemical reactions at the Interlace and (3) diffusion with a moving interface Then, the appearances at the grain boundary grooves of the ceramic surface are presented as phenomena on the catalytic surface In the second pan, examples from dental practice and jewellery manufacturing are used for comparative analysis Finally we discuss the composition and properties of the soldering and brazing alloys used for dental practice and jewellery manufacturing
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - Liquid metal/ceramic interfaces in dental practice and jewellery manufacturing
EP  - 66
IS  - 2
SP  - 59
VL  - 44
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1534
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Raić, Karlo T. and Rudolf, Rebeka and Todorović, Aleksandar and Stamenković, Dragoslav and Anžel, Ivan",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Metal-ceramic fusing has been the essential step in obtaining materials that benefit from both ceramic and metal constituents. i e where the combined properties of metal and ceramic layers are desirable When considering fusing methods. soldering and active metal brazing are the most effective These processes involve braze melting and flowing between the two pieces of material In the first part the phenomena occurring on the boundary between the ceramics and the active filler metal during the metal-ceramics joining are discussed Three interconnected sub-processes are considered (1) wetting of the ceramic surface. (2) chemical reactions at the Interlace and (3) diffusion with a moving interface Then, the appearances at the grain boundary grooves of the ceramic surface are presented as phenomena on the catalytic surface In the second pan, examples from dental practice and jewellery manufacturing are used for comparative analysis Finally we discuss the composition and properties of the soldering and brazing alloys used for dental practice and jewellery manufacturing",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "Liquid metal/ceramic interfaces in dental practice and jewellery manufacturing",
pages = "66-59",
number = "2",
volume = "44",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1534"
}

Raić, K. T., Rudolf, R., Todorović, A., Stamenković, D.,& Anžel, I.. (2010). Liquid metal/ceramic interfaces in dental practice and jewellery manufacturing. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 44(2), 59-66.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1534

Raić KT, Rudolf R, Todorović A, Stamenković D, Anžel I. Liquid metal/ceramic interfaces in dental practice and jewellery manufacturing. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2010;44(2):59-66.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1534 .

Raić, Karlo T., Rudolf, Rebeka, Todorović, Aleksandar, Stamenković, Dragoslav, Anžel, Ivan, "Liquid metal/ceramic interfaces in dental practice and jewellery manufacturing" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 44, no. 2 (2010):59-66,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1534 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Raić, Karlo T.
AU  - Rudolf, Rebeka
AU  - Kosec, Borut
AU  - Anžel, Ivan
AU  - Lazić, Vojkan
AU  - Todorović, Aleksandar
PY  - 2010
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5605
AB  - This paper describes the development of novel, reactive Al-Au nano-multilayered foils, their possible application in different fields and a discussion of the nano-foils' suitability for dental and jewellery applications. Moreover, this study includes the rapid joining of similar and dissimilar materials, by placing multilayer nano-foils and two layers of solder or braze. The foils precisely control the instantaneous release of heat energy for the joining and act as a controllable local heat source. The reactive foils' thickness is in the range 10 nm to less than 100 nm and they contain many nanoscale layers that alternate between materials with high mixing heats, such as Al and Au. The foil between the two solder/braze layers melts the solder/braze with the heat generated by the reaction and bonds the components. The use of reactive foils eliminates the need for a furnace and dramatically increases the soldering/brazing heating rate of the components being bonded. Thus, ceramics and metals can be fused over required areas without the thermal stresses that are encountered in furnace soldering or brazing. In addition, a completely new plasma technology is proposed for the manufacturing of nano-foils and the first results of the preliminary experimental testing are presented.
PB  - Institute of Metals and Technology
T2  - Materiali in Tehnologije
T1  - Nanofoils for soldering and brazing in dental joining practice and jewellery manufacturing
EP  - 9
IS  - 1
SP  - 3
VL  - 43
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1560
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Raić, Karlo T. and Rudolf, Rebeka and Kosec, Borut and Anžel, Ivan and Lazić, Vojkan and Todorović, Aleksandar",
year = "2010",
abstract = "This paper describes the development of novel, reactive Al-Au nano-multilayered foils, their possible application in different fields and a discussion of the nano-foils' suitability for dental and jewellery applications. Moreover, this study includes the rapid joining of similar and dissimilar materials, by placing multilayer nano-foils and two layers of solder or braze. The foils precisely control the instantaneous release of heat energy for the joining and act as a controllable local heat source. The reactive foils' thickness is in the range 10 nm to less than 100 nm and they contain many nanoscale layers that alternate between materials with high mixing heats, such as Al and Au. The foil between the two solder/braze layers melts the solder/braze with the heat generated by the reaction and bonds the components. The use of reactive foils eliminates the need for a furnace and dramatically increases the soldering/brazing heating rate of the components being bonded. Thus, ceramics and metals can be fused over required areas without the thermal stresses that are encountered in furnace soldering or brazing. In addition, a completely new plasma technology is proposed for the manufacturing of nano-foils and the first results of the preliminary experimental testing are presented.",
publisher = "Institute of Metals and Technology",
journal = "Materiali in Tehnologije",
title = "Nanofoils for soldering and brazing in dental joining practice and jewellery manufacturing",
pages = "9-3",
number = "1",
volume = "43",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1560"
}

Raić, K. T., Rudolf, R., Kosec, B., Anžel, I., Lazić, V.,& Todorović, A.. (2010). Nanofoils for soldering and brazing in dental joining practice and jewellery manufacturing. in Materiali in Tehnologije
Institute of Metals and Technology., 43(1), 3-9.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1560

Raić KT, Rudolf R, Kosec B, Anžel I, Lazić V, Todorović A. Nanofoils for soldering and brazing in dental joining practice and jewellery manufacturing. in Materiali in Tehnologije. 2010;43(1):3-9.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1560 .

Raić, Karlo T., Rudolf, Rebeka, Kosec, Borut, Anžel, Ivan, Lazić, Vojkan, Todorović, Aleksandar, "Nanofoils for soldering and brazing in dental joining practice and jewellery manufacturing" in Materiali in Tehnologije, 43, no. 1 (2010):3-9,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1560 .