TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ćorac, Aleksandar
AU  - Barać, Nemanja
AU  - Bukumirić, Zoran
AU  - Barać, Milan
AU  - Milićević, Saša
AU  - Vidović, Milka
AU  - Mijović, Milica
AU  - Hudomal, Snežana
AU  - Joksimović, Viktorija
AU  - Paut-Kusturica, Milica
AU  - Ilić, Danijela
AU  - Jović, Jelena
AU  - Trajković, Goran
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3512
AB  - Background/Aim. The northern part of Kosovo was one of the largest lead and zinc production industries in Europe. Special attention has been paid to the landfill sites of these metals remained after past industrial activities. The inhabitants of Roma camps in this area are collecting led waste they process by crushing and melting in their shacks in primitively organized working environments. Because of all the aforementioned it was necessary to examine the concentration of blood lead level (BLL) in the children aged less than 6 years inhabiting this area, especially taking care of blood analysis of children living in Roma camps. Methods. The study was conducted in the municipality of Leposavić, Province Kosovo and Metohija, Serbia. Totally 78 subjects participated in the study. All the subjects were divided into two groups: the group I consisting of 42 children who lived in the Romas camp, and the group II with 36 children from a city kindergarten. Based on the mathematical model WRPLOT we found out that both groups of patients were in the low risk zone for industrial contamination exposure. Blood analysis was done according to the protocol provided by ESA Lead Care. Results. The average age of participants in the study was 4.60 ± 1.63 years. The mean BBL in the children from the group 1 was 19.11 µg/dL and from the group 2 4.87 µg/dL. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean values of BBL between the groups (U = 39, p  lt  0.001). All of the children from the group 1 had BBL greater than 5 µg/dL in comparison to 38.9% of the children from the group 2 (χ2 = 35.75, p  lt  0.001). Conclusion. Although both groups were located outside the zone of direct spread of pollution, the results indicate high concentrations of lead in blood of all the examined children. The concentration was higher in the children who lived in the area in which illegal processing of lead waste took place.
AB  - Uvod/Cilj. Na području severnog Kosova nalazila se jedna od najvećih industrija za proizvodnju olova i cinka u Evropi. Poseban akcenat se stavlja na deponije zaostale nakon ove industrijske proizvodnje. Na ovom području stanovnici u romskim kampovima bave se prikupljanjem olovnog otpada koji prerađuju - drobe i tope, u svojim barakama u primitivno organizovanim radnim sredinama. Zbog svega navedenog, bilo je neophodno ispitati koncentraciju olova u krvi dece mlađe od šest godina koja žive u ovom području, sa posebnim akcentom na analizu krvi dece koja žive u romskim kampovima. Metode. Naše istraživanje sprovedeno je na području opštine Leposavić, Kosovo i Metohija, Srbija, uključujući 78 ispitanika podeljenih u dve grupe: grupa I od 42 dece iz romskog kampa, i grupa II od 36 dece iz gradskog vrtića. Na osnovu matematičkog modela WRPLOT dobili smo podatak da se obe grupe ispitanika nalaze u zoni niskog rizika od izloženosti industrijskom zagađenju. Krv za analizu uzimali smo iz prsta dece. Analiza krvi vršena je prema protokolu predviđenom od ESA Biosciences Lead Care. Rezultati. Prosečna starost ispitanika iznosila je 4,60 ± 1,63 godine. Prosečna koncentracija olova u krvi u grupi I bila je 19,11 µg/dL, a u grupi II 4.87 µg/dL. Postoji statistički visokoznačajna razlika u pogledu koncentracije olova u krvi između ispitivanih grupa (U = 39; p  lt  0,001). Sva deca (100%) iz grupe I imali su koncentracije olova u krvi veće od 5 µg/dL, a iz grupe II (χ2 = 35,75; p  lt  0,001) njih 38,9%. Zaključak. Iako su obe grupe bile locirane van zone direktnog širenja zagađenja, rezultati ukazuju na visoke koncentracije olova u krvi sve ispitivane dece. Koncentracija je veća kod dece koja žive u sredini u kojoj se odvija ilegalna prerada olovnog otpada.
PB  - Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia
T2  - Vojnosanitetski pregled
T1  - The effect of illegal lead processing on blood lead levels in children living in the mining area
T1  - Uticaj nezakonite prerade olova na nivo olova u krvi dece u rudarskoj zoni
EP  - 1024
IS  - 11
SP  - 1019
VL  - 74
DO  - 10.2298/VSP150827217C
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ćorac, Aleksandar and Barać, Nemanja and Bukumirić, Zoran and Barać, Milan and Milićević, Saša and Vidović, Milka and Mijović, Milica and Hudomal, Snežana and Joksimović, Viktorija and Paut-Kusturica, Milica and Ilić, Danijela and Jović, Jelena and Trajković, Goran",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Background/Aim. The northern part of Kosovo was one of the largest lead and zinc production industries in Europe. Special attention has been paid to the landfill sites of these metals remained after past industrial activities. The inhabitants of Roma camps in this area are collecting led waste they process by crushing and melting in their shacks in primitively organized working environments. Because of all the aforementioned it was necessary to examine the concentration of blood lead level (BLL) in the children aged less than 6 years inhabiting this area, especially taking care of blood analysis of children living in Roma camps. Methods. The study was conducted in the municipality of Leposavić, Province Kosovo and Metohija, Serbia. Totally 78 subjects participated in the study. All the subjects were divided into two groups: the group I consisting of 42 children who lived in the Romas camp, and the group II with 36 children from a city kindergarten. Based on the mathematical model WRPLOT we found out that both groups of patients were in the low risk zone for industrial contamination exposure. Blood analysis was done according to the protocol provided by ESA Lead Care. Results. The average age of participants in the study was 4.60 ± 1.63 years. The mean BBL in the children from the group 1 was 19.11 µg/dL and from the group 2 4.87 µg/dL. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean values of BBL between the groups (U = 39, p  lt  0.001). All of the children from the group 1 had BBL greater than 5 µg/dL in comparison to 38.9% of the children from the group 2 (χ2 = 35.75, p  lt  0.001). Conclusion. Although both groups were located outside the zone of direct spread of pollution, the results indicate high concentrations of lead in blood of all the examined children. The concentration was higher in the children who lived in the area in which illegal processing of lead waste took place., Uvod/Cilj. Na području severnog Kosova nalazila se jedna od najvećih industrija za proizvodnju olova i cinka u Evropi. Poseban akcenat se stavlja na deponije zaostale nakon ove industrijske proizvodnje. Na ovom području stanovnici u romskim kampovima bave se prikupljanjem olovnog otpada koji prerađuju - drobe i tope, u svojim barakama u primitivno organizovanim radnim sredinama. Zbog svega navedenog, bilo je neophodno ispitati koncentraciju olova u krvi dece mlađe od šest godina koja žive u ovom području, sa posebnim akcentom na analizu krvi dece koja žive u romskim kampovima. Metode. Naše istraživanje sprovedeno je na području opštine Leposavić, Kosovo i Metohija, Srbija, uključujući 78 ispitanika podeljenih u dve grupe: grupa I od 42 dece iz romskog kampa, i grupa II od 36 dece iz gradskog vrtića. Na osnovu matematičkog modela WRPLOT dobili smo podatak da se obe grupe ispitanika nalaze u zoni niskog rizika od izloženosti industrijskom zagađenju. Krv za analizu uzimali smo iz prsta dece. Analiza krvi vršena je prema protokolu predviđenom od ESA Biosciences Lead Care. Rezultati. Prosečna starost ispitanika iznosila je 4,60 ± 1,63 godine. Prosečna koncentracija olova u krvi u grupi I bila je 19,11 µg/dL, a u grupi II 4.87 µg/dL. Postoji statistički visokoznačajna razlika u pogledu koncentracije olova u krvi između ispitivanih grupa (U = 39; p  lt  0,001). Sva deca (100%) iz grupe I imali su koncentracije olova u krvi veće od 5 µg/dL, a iz grupe II (χ2 = 35,75; p  lt  0,001) njih 38,9%. Zaključak. Iako su obe grupe bile locirane van zone direktnog širenja zagađenja, rezultati ukazuju na visoke koncentracije olova u krvi sve ispitivane dece. Koncentracija je veća kod dece koja žive u sredini u kojoj se odvija ilegalna prerada olovnog otpada.",
publisher = "Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia",
journal = "Vojnosanitetski pregled",
title = "The effect of illegal lead processing on blood lead levels in children living in the mining area, Uticaj nezakonite prerade olova na nivo olova u krvi dece u rudarskoj zoni",
pages = "1024-1019",
number = "11",
volume = "74",
doi = "10.2298/VSP150827217C"
}

Ćorac, A., Barać, N., Bukumirić, Z., Barać, M., Milićević, S., Vidović, M., Mijović, M., Hudomal, S., Joksimović, V., Paut-Kusturica, M., Ilić, D., Jović, J.,& Trajković, G.. (2017). The effect of illegal lead processing on blood lead levels in children living in the mining area. in Vojnosanitetski pregled
Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia., 74(11), 1019-1024.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP150827217C

Ćorac A, Barać N, Bukumirić Z, Barać M, Milićević S, Vidović M, Mijović M, Hudomal S, Joksimović V, Paut-Kusturica M, Ilić D, Jović J, Trajković G. The effect of illegal lead processing on blood lead levels in children living in the mining area. in Vojnosanitetski pregled. 2017;74(11):1019-1024.
doi:10.2298/VSP150827217C .

Ćorac, Aleksandar, Barać, Nemanja, Bukumirić, Zoran, Barać, Milan, Milićević, Saša, Vidović, Milka, Mijović, Milica, Hudomal, Snežana, Joksimović, Viktorija, Paut-Kusturica, Milica, Ilić, Danijela, Jović, Jelena, Trajković, Goran, "The effect of illegal lead processing on blood lead levels in children living in the mining area" in Vojnosanitetski pregled, 74, no. 11 (2017):1019-1024,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP150827217C . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barać, Nemanja
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra B.
AU  - Bukumirić, Zoran
AU  - Živojinović, Dragana
AU  - Manojlović, Dragan D.
AU  - Barać, Milan
AU  - Petrović, Rada
AU  - Ćorac, Aleksandar
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3263
AB  - This work investigates the influence of a high-magnitude flood event on heavy elements (HEs) pollution and mobility in the agricultural soils along Ibar River in Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo. The study area was one of the most important Pb/Zn industrial regions in Europe. Soil samples (n = 50) collected before and after the floods in May 2014 were subjected to the sequential extraction procedure proposed by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). The results indicated that the floods significantly increased not only the pseudo total concentrations of HEs in the soil but also their mobile and potentially bioavailable amounts. Moreover, higher concentrations (both pseudo total and potentially bioavailable) were found in the agricultural soils closer to the industrial hotspots. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis successfully grouped the analyzed elements according to their anthropogenic or natural origin. The floods significantly increased the potential ecological risk of HEs associated with Pb/Zn industrial activities in the study area. The potential ecological risk of Cd after the floods was highest and should be of special concern.
PB  - Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg
T2  - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
T1  - Distribution and mobility of heavy elements in floodplain agricultural soils along the Ibar River (Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo). Chemometric investigation of pollutant sources and ecological risk assessment
EP  - 9011
IS  - 9
SP  - 9000
VL  - 23
DO  - 10.1007/s11356-016-6142-2
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Barać, Nemanja and Škrivanj, Sandra B. and Bukumirić, Zoran and Živojinović, Dragana and Manojlović, Dragan D. and Barać, Milan and Petrović, Rada and Ćorac, Aleksandar",
year = "2016",
abstract = "This work investigates the influence of a high-magnitude flood event on heavy elements (HEs) pollution and mobility in the agricultural soils along Ibar River in Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo. The study area was one of the most important Pb/Zn industrial regions in Europe. Soil samples (n = 50) collected before and after the floods in May 2014 were subjected to the sequential extraction procedure proposed by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). The results indicated that the floods significantly increased not only the pseudo total concentrations of HEs in the soil but also their mobile and potentially bioavailable amounts. Moreover, higher concentrations (both pseudo total and potentially bioavailable) were found in the agricultural soils closer to the industrial hotspots. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis successfully grouped the analyzed elements according to their anthropogenic or natural origin. The floods significantly increased the potential ecological risk of HEs associated with Pb/Zn industrial activities in the study area. The potential ecological risk of Cd after the floods was highest and should be of special concern.",
publisher = "Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg",
journal = "Environmental Science and Pollution Research",
title = "Distribution and mobility of heavy elements in floodplain agricultural soils along the Ibar River (Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo). Chemometric investigation of pollutant sources and ecological risk assessment",
pages = "9011-9000",
number = "9",
volume = "23",
doi = "10.1007/s11356-016-6142-2"
}

Barać, N., Škrivanj, S. B., Bukumirić, Z., Živojinović, D., Manojlović, D. D., Barać, M., Petrović, R.,& Ćorac, A.. (2016). Distribution and mobility of heavy elements in floodplain agricultural soils along the Ibar River (Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo). Chemometric investigation of pollutant sources and ecological risk assessment. in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg., 23(9), 9000-9011.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6142-2

Barać N, Škrivanj SB, Bukumirić Z, Živojinović D, Manojlović DD, Barać M, Petrović R, Ćorac A. Distribution and mobility of heavy elements in floodplain agricultural soils along the Ibar River (Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo). Chemometric investigation of pollutant sources and ecological risk assessment. in Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2016;23(9):9000-9011.
doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6142-2 .

Barać, Nemanja, Škrivanj, Sandra B., Bukumirić, Zoran, Živojinović, Dragana, Manojlović, Dragan D., Barać, Milan, Petrović, Rada, Ćorac, Aleksandar, "Distribution and mobility of heavy elements in floodplain agricultural soils along the Ibar River (Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo). Chemometric investigation of pollutant sources and ecological risk assessment" in Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, no. 9 (2016):9000-9011,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6142-2 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barać, Nemanja
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra B.
AU  - Bukumirić, Zoran
AU  - Barać, Milan
AU  - Manojlović, Dragan D.
AU  - Petrović, Rada
AU  - Ćorac, Aleksandar
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3001
AB  - This article reports the results of a study focused on the presence and bioavailability of arsenic in agricultural soil in the mining and industrial regions of northern Kosovo and southern Serbia, as well as uptake and bioaccumulation of arsenic in two commonly cultivated plant species (Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.). This area was one of the most important mining districts in Europe. The collected soil samples were subjected to a modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure in order to investigate the chemical partitioning of arsenic in the soils. The general distribution of arsenic in various fractions was: exchangeable  lt  reducible  lt  oxidizable fractions. Highest concentrations of total arsenic in soil were found close to industrial facilities and tailing ponds. In addition, fluvisols were significantly more enriched with arsenic than soils at a distance from the river flows. The edible parts of the plant specimen showed different As contents, suggesting that these plant species have different propensities for the uptake and bioaccumulation of arsenic from soil.
PB  - Taylor & Francis Inc, Philadelphia
T2  - Soil & Sediment Contamination
T1  - Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of a Historically Mined and Industrial Region of Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo: Bioavailability and Uptake by Plants Species Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.
EP  - 674
IS  - 6
SP  - 656
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.1080/15320383.2015.997868
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Barać, Nemanja and Škrivanj, Sandra B. and Bukumirić, Zoran and Barać, Milan and Manojlović, Dragan D. and Petrović, Rada and Ćorac, Aleksandar",
year = "2015",
abstract = "This article reports the results of a study focused on the presence and bioavailability of arsenic in agricultural soil in the mining and industrial regions of northern Kosovo and southern Serbia, as well as uptake and bioaccumulation of arsenic in two commonly cultivated plant species (Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.). This area was one of the most important mining districts in Europe. The collected soil samples were subjected to a modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure in order to investigate the chemical partitioning of arsenic in the soils. The general distribution of arsenic in various fractions was: exchangeable  lt  reducible  lt  oxidizable fractions. Highest concentrations of total arsenic in soil were found close to industrial facilities and tailing ponds. In addition, fluvisols were significantly more enriched with arsenic than soils at a distance from the river flows. The edible parts of the plant specimen showed different As contents, suggesting that these plant species have different propensities for the uptake and bioaccumulation of arsenic from soil.",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis Inc, Philadelphia",
journal = "Soil & Sediment Contamination",
title = "Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of a Historically Mined and Industrial Region of Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo: Bioavailability and Uptake by Plants Species Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.",
pages = "674-656",
number = "6",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.1080/15320383.2015.997868"
}

Barać, N., Škrivanj, S. B., Bukumirić, Z., Barać, M., Manojlović, D. D., Petrović, R.,& Ćorac, A.. (2015). Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of a Historically Mined and Industrial Region of Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo: Bioavailability and Uptake by Plants Species Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.. in Soil & Sediment Contamination
Taylor & Francis Inc, Philadelphia., 24(6), 656-674.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2015.997868

Barać N, Škrivanj SB, Bukumirić Z, Barać M, Manojlović DD, Petrović R, Ćorac A. Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of a Historically Mined and Industrial Region of Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo: Bioavailability and Uptake by Plants Species Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L.. in Soil & Sediment Contamination. 2015;24(6):656-674.
doi:10.1080/15320383.2015.997868 .

Barać, Nemanja, Škrivanj, Sandra B., Bukumirić, Zoran, Barać, Milan, Manojlović, Dragan D., Petrović, Rada, Ćorac, Aleksandar, "Arsenic in Agricultural Soils of a Historically Mined and Industrial Region of Southern Serbia and Northern Kosovo: Bioavailability and Uptake by Plants Species Zea mays L. and Solanum tuberosum L." in Soil & Sediment Contamination, 24, no. 6 (2015):656-674,
https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2015.997868 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Vesna
AU  - Kamberović, Željko
AU  - Nikolić, Branislav
AU  - Barać, Milan
PY  - 2009
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1370
AB  - Besides lead as basic metal, flotation lead concentrates contain several accompanied metals, such as: copper, zinc, iron, antimony, silver, gold, bismuth and arsenic. Raw lead and slag are obtained by agglomeration roasting of concentrates and then reduction smelting of agglomerates in blust furnaces. Iron and zinc go from concentrates to the blust furnaces slag and copper, antimony, silver, gold, bismuth and arsenic mostly pass into raw lead which will be refined later. The process of raw lead refining consists of the following steps: - copper is separated from lead by the effect of sulphur and copper drosses are obtained, - antimony and arsenic are separated by the effect of caustic soda and saltpeter and alkali As-Sb drosses are obtained, - silver, gold and bismuth are separated from lead by special treatments in which alkali deposits are not formed. Copper drosses are refined by alkali treatment in reverberatory furnaces and raw lead, Pb-Cu matte and speiss are obtained, as well as waste slag which goes to the deposit. As-Sb drosses are refined in short drum furnaces and raw lead and Pb-Sb alloy are obtained, as well as waste slag which goes to the deposits. Waste alkali-lead slags which deposit in the direct vicinity of Ibar, contain the following components: - small particle of lead and antimony, as well as oxide of these metals, - sodium, arsenic and bismuth oxides, - copper, sodium and lead sulfides. Reverberatory furnaces slags contain: 8-16% Pb, 5-15% Na, 10-15% Cu, and short drum furnaces slags contain: 1-5% Pb, 20-28% Na, 1-5% Sb, 1-4% As. Both these slags are hygroscopic, they decompose gradually, spill and pollute the waters of Ibar through surface waters during rainfall. The solution of the problems of these slags lies in more technological-ecological and investment-developing proceedings and that is necessary in keeping with law regulations. .
AB  - Pored olova kao osnovnog metala, flotacioni koncentrati olova sadrže više pratećih metala od kojih su značajni sledeći: bakar, cink, železo, antimon, srebro, zlato, bizmut i arsen. Aglomeracionim prženjem koncentrata, a zatim redukcionim topljenjem aglomerata u šahtnim pećima, dobija se sirovo olovo i šljaka. Železo i cink iz koncentrata prelaze u šljaku šahtnih peći koja se deponuje, a bakar, antimon, srebro, zlato, bizmut i arsen, uglavnom prelaze u sirovo olovo, koje se zatim rafiniše. Rafinacija sirovog olova vrši se u više tehnoloških operacija, prema sledećem redosledu: - bakar se iz olova uklanja pomoću sumpora pri čemu se dobijaju bakarni šlikeri i prašine, - antimon i arsen se uklanjaju pomoću sode i šalitre pri čemu se dobijaju alkalni As-Sb šlikeri, - srebro, zlato i bizmut se uklanjaju iz olova specifičnim postupcima u kojima se ne izdvajaju alkalne deponije. Bakarni šlikeri se prerađuju alkalnim postupkom u plamenim pećima pri čemu se dobijaju sirovo olovo, Pb-Cu kamen i špajza, ali i otpadna šljaka koja se deponuje. As-Sb šliker se prerađuje u kratko-bubnjastim pećima pri čemu se dobijaju sirovo olovo, Pb-Sb legura i otpadna šljaka koja se deponuje. Otpadne alkalno-olovne šljake deponuju se u neposrednoj blizini Ibra, a sadrže sledeće: - sitne čestice metalnog olova i antimona, kao okside ovih metala, - okside natrijuma, arsena i bizmuta, - sulfide bakra, natrijuma i olova. Šljake plamenih peći sadrže: 8-16 % Pb, 5-15 % Na, 10-15 % Cu, a šljaka kratko-bubnjastih peći: 1-5 % Pb, 20-28 % Na, 1-5 % Sb, 1-4 % As. Obe šljake su higroskopne, vremenom se raspadaju, rasipaju, a pri atmosferski padavinama, preko površinskih voda, zagađuju vode Ibra. Rešenje problematike ovih šljaka sastoji iz više tehnološko-ekoloških investiciono-razvojnih zahvata, a što je neophodno u skladu sa zakonskim regulativama. .
PB  - Naučno-stručno društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije - Ecologica, Beograd
T2  - Ecologica
T1  - Alkali-lead deposits of lead refinery 'Trepča' and their influence on Ibar's waters
T1  - Alkalno-olovne deponije rafinerije olova 'Trepča' i njihov uticaj na vode Ibra
EP  - 414
IS  - 55
SP  - 409
VL  - 16
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1370
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Vesna and Kamberović, Željko and Nikolić, Branislav and Barać, Milan",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Besides lead as basic metal, flotation lead concentrates contain several accompanied metals, such as: copper, zinc, iron, antimony, silver, gold, bismuth and arsenic. Raw lead and slag are obtained by agglomeration roasting of concentrates and then reduction smelting of agglomerates in blust furnaces. Iron and zinc go from concentrates to the blust furnaces slag and copper, antimony, silver, gold, bismuth and arsenic mostly pass into raw lead which will be refined later. The process of raw lead refining consists of the following steps: - copper is separated from lead by the effect of sulphur and copper drosses are obtained, - antimony and arsenic are separated by the effect of caustic soda and saltpeter and alkali As-Sb drosses are obtained, - silver, gold and bismuth are separated from lead by special treatments in which alkali deposits are not formed. Copper drosses are refined by alkali treatment in reverberatory furnaces and raw lead, Pb-Cu matte and speiss are obtained, as well as waste slag which goes to the deposit. As-Sb drosses are refined in short drum furnaces and raw lead and Pb-Sb alloy are obtained, as well as waste slag which goes to the deposits. Waste alkali-lead slags which deposit in the direct vicinity of Ibar, contain the following components: - small particle of lead and antimony, as well as oxide of these metals, - sodium, arsenic and bismuth oxides, - copper, sodium and lead sulfides. Reverberatory furnaces slags contain: 8-16% Pb, 5-15% Na, 10-15% Cu, and short drum furnaces slags contain: 1-5% Pb, 20-28% Na, 1-5% Sb, 1-4% As. Both these slags are hygroscopic, they decompose gradually, spill and pollute the waters of Ibar through surface waters during rainfall. The solution of the problems of these slags lies in more technological-ecological and investment-developing proceedings and that is necessary in keeping with law regulations. ., Pored olova kao osnovnog metala, flotacioni koncentrati olova sadrže više pratećih metala od kojih su značajni sledeći: bakar, cink, železo, antimon, srebro, zlato, bizmut i arsen. Aglomeracionim prženjem koncentrata, a zatim redukcionim topljenjem aglomerata u šahtnim pećima, dobija se sirovo olovo i šljaka. Železo i cink iz koncentrata prelaze u šljaku šahtnih peći koja se deponuje, a bakar, antimon, srebro, zlato, bizmut i arsen, uglavnom prelaze u sirovo olovo, koje se zatim rafiniše. Rafinacija sirovog olova vrši se u više tehnoloških operacija, prema sledećem redosledu: - bakar se iz olova uklanja pomoću sumpora pri čemu se dobijaju bakarni šlikeri i prašine, - antimon i arsen se uklanjaju pomoću sode i šalitre pri čemu se dobijaju alkalni As-Sb šlikeri, - srebro, zlato i bizmut se uklanjaju iz olova specifičnim postupcima u kojima se ne izdvajaju alkalne deponije. Bakarni šlikeri se prerađuju alkalnim postupkom u plamenim pećima pri čemu se dobijaju sirovo olovo, Pb-Cu kamen i špajza, ali i otpadna šljaka koja se deponuje. As-Sb šliker se prerađuje u kratko-bubnjastim pećima pri čemu se dobijaju sirovo olovo, Pb-Sb legura i otpadna šljaka koja se deponuje. Otpadne alkalno-olovne šljake deponuju se u neposrednoj blizini Ibra, a sadrže sledeće: - sitne čestice metalnog olova i antimona, kao okside ovih metala, - okside natrijuma, arsena i bizmuta, - sulfide bakra, natrijuma i olova. Šljake plamenih peći sadrže: 8-16 % Pb, 5-15 % Na, 10-15 % Cu, a šljaka kratko-bubnjastih peći: 1-5 % Pb, 20-28 % Na, 1-5 % Sb, 1-4 % As. Obe šljake su higroskopne, vremenom se raspadaju, rasipaju, a pri atmosferski padavinama, preko površinskih voda, zagađuju vode Ibra. Rešenje problematike ovih šljaka sastoji iz više tehnološko-ekoloških investiciono-razvojnih zahvata, a što je neophodno u skladu sa zakonskim regulativama. .",
publisher = "Naučno-stručno društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije - Ecologica, Beograd",
journal = "Ecologica",
title = "Alkali-lead deposits of lead refinery 'Trepča' and their influence on Ibar's waters, Alkalno-olovne deponije rafinerije olova 'Trepča' i njihov uticaj na vode Ibra",
pages = "414-409",
number = "55",
volume = "16",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1370"
}

Nikolić, V., Kamberović, Ž., Nikolić, B.,& Barać, M.. (2009). Alkali-lead deposits of lead refinery 'Trepča' and their influence on Ibar's waters. in Ecologica
Naučno-stručno društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije - Ecologica, Beograd., 16(55), 409-414.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1370

Nikolić V, Kamberović Ž, Nikolić B, Barać M. Alkali-lead deposits of lead refinery 'Trepča' and their influence on Ibar's waters. in Ecologica. 2009;16(55):409-414.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1370 .

Nikolić, Vesna, Kamberović, Željko, Nikolić, Branislav, Barać, Milan, "Alkali-lead deposits of lead refinery 'Trepča' and their influence on Ibar's waters" in Ecologica, 16, no. 55 (2009):409-414,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1370 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Barać, Milan
AU  - Nikolić, Vesna
AU  - Nikolić, Svetlana
AU  - Rakin, Marica
PY  - 2007
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1199
AB  - Geothermal energy takes important place in application of alternative energy sources. Geothermal energy is promising energy source, ecological safe because it belongs to renewable energy resources. Potential of geothermal waters springs in Jošanica spa and possibility of their use for heating green houses were studied in this work. Jošanica spa is at the foot hills of Kopaonik, near town Raška, and its geothermal waters were known even in Roman ages. Use of these geothermal waters has a great influence on global development of Raška region, especially Jošanica Spa.
AB  - Značajno mesto u korišćenju alternativnih izvora energije zauzima geotermalna energija. Energija termalnih voda je jedna od perspektivnih energetskih sirovina, s ekološkog stanovišta veoma značajna s obzirom da spada u obnovljive izvore energije. U radu je opisan potencijal geotermalnih izvora u Jošaničkoj Banji, kao i mogućnost njihove primene za zagrevanje plastenika. Jošanička Banja se nalazi u podnožju Kopaonika, blizu Raške, a njene geotermalne vode bile su poznate još u rimsko doba. Korišćenje geotermalnih voda je bitan deo budućeg razvoja Raškog regiona, a naročito Jošaničke Banje.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd i Društvo termičara Srbije, Beograd
T2  - Termotehnika
T1  - Significance and application of geothermal waters of Jošanica spa
T1  - Značaj i primena geotermalnih voda Jošaničke Banje
EP  - 62
IS  - 1-4
SP  - 55
VL  - 33
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1199
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Barać, Milan and Nikolić, Vesna and Nikolić, Svetlana and Rakin, Marica",
year = "2007",
abstract = "Geothermal energy takes important place in application of alternative energy sources. Geothermal energy is promising energy source, ecological safe because it belongs to renewable energy resources. Potential of geothermal waters springs in Jošanica spa and possibility of their use for heating green houses were studied in this work. Jošanica spa is at the foot hills of Kopaonik, near town Raška, and its geothermal waters were known even in Roman ages. Use of these geothermal waters has a great influence on global development of Raška region, especially Jošanica Spa., Značajno mesto u korišćenju alternativnih izvora energije zauzima geotermalna energija. Energija termalnih voda je jedna od perspektivnih energetskih sirovina, s ekološkog stanovišta veoma značajna s obzirom da spada u obnovljive izvore energije. U radu je opisan potencijal geotermalnih izvora u Jošaničkoj Banji, kao i mogućnost njihove primene za zagrevanje plastenika. Jošanička Banja se nalazi u podnožju Kopaonika, blizu Raške, a njene geotermalne vode bile su poznate još u rimsko doba. Korišćenje geotermalnih voda je bitan deo budućeg razvoja Raškog regiona, a naročito Jošaničke Banje.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd i Društvo termičara Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "Termotehnika",
title = "Significance and application of geothermal waters of Jošanica spa, Značaj i primena geotermalnih voda Jošaničke Banje",
pages = "62-55",
number = "1-4",
volume = "33",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1199"
}

Barać, M., Nikolić, V., Nikolić, S.,& Rakin, M.. (2007). Significance and application of geothermal waters of Jošanica spa. in Termotehnika
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd i Društvo termičara Srbije, Beograd., 33(1-4), 55-62.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1199

Barać M, Nikolić V, Nikolić S, Rakin M. Significance and application of geothermal waters of Jošanica spa. in Termotehnika. 2007;33(1-4):55-62.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1199 .

Barać, Milan, Nikolić, Vesna, Nikolić, Svetlana, Rakin, Marica, "Significance and application of geothermal waters of Jošanica spa" in Termotehnika, 33, no. 1-4 (2007):55-62,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_1199 .