TY  - JOUR
AU  - Grgur, Branimir N.
AU  - Popović, Aleksandra S.
AU  - Salem, Ayad
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6617
AB  - Composite coatings prepared by mixing 5 wt.% polyaniline with commercial alkyd-based paints were applied on carbon steel. The polyaniline emeraldine chloride salt was prepared by procedure recommended by IUPAC, including deprotonation by ammonia hydroxide, and reprotonation with sulfamic, succinic, citric, and acetic acids with different doping degrees or oxidation states. The steel samples with base and composite coatings were immersed in 3% NaCl and the corrosion current density was determined after 96 h in situ using the ASTM 1,10-phenanthroline method. The samples were also inspected by optical microscopy. It was shown that the composite coatings reduced the possibility of blister formations and delamination. The corrosion current density and the appearance of the corrosion products, whose area was determined by ImageJ software, closely followed the initial oxidation state of the polyaniline. It was also shown that damaged composite coatings with higher degrees of oxidized (doped) polyaniline were more prone to formation of corrosion products. The role of the initial state of the polyaniline is discussed. It is suggested that such behavior could be connected to the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism that proceeds mainly via two electron paths on the polyaniline particles, releasing a much smaller amount of hydroxyl ions, which is responsible for the delamination and blister formation of the commercial coatings.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Metals
T1  - Influence of Alkyd Composite Coatings with Polyaniline Doped with Different Organic Acids on the Corrosion of Mild Steel
IS  - 8
SP  - 1364
VL  - 13
DO  - 10.3390/met13081364
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Grgur, Branimir N. and Popović, Aleksandra S. and Salem, Ayad",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Composite coatings prepared by mixing 5 wt.% polyaniline with commercial alkyd-based paints were applied on carbon steel. The polyaniline emeraldine chloride salt was prepared by procedure recommended by IUPAC, including deprotonation by ammonia hydroxide, and reprotonation with sulfamic, succinic, citric, and acetic acids with different doping degrees or oxidation states. The steel samples with base and composite coatings were immersed in 3% NaCl and the corrosion current density was determined after 96 h in situ using the ASTM 1,10-phenanthroline method. The samples were also inspected by optical microscopy. It was shown that the composite coatings reduced the possibility of blister formations and delamination. The corrosion current density and the appearance of the corrosion products, whose area was determined by ImageJ software, closely followed the initial oxidation state of the polyaniline. It was also shown that damaged composite coatings with higher degrees of oxidized (doped) polyaniline were more prone to formation of corrosion products. The role of the initial state of the polyaniline is discussed. It is suggested that such behavior could be connected to the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism that proceeds mainly via two electron paths on the polyaniline particles, releasing a much smaller amount of hydroxyl ions, which is responsible for the delamination and blister formation of the commercial coatings.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Metals",
title = "Influence of Alkyd Composite Coatings with Polyaniline Doped with Different Organic Acids on the Corrosion of Mild Steel",
number = "8",
pages = "1364",
volume = "13",
doi = "10.3390/met13081364"
}

Grgur, B. N., Popović, A. S.,& Salem, A.. (2023). Influence of Alkyd Composite Coatings with Polyaniline Doped with Different Organic Acids on the Corrosion of Mild Steel. in Metals
MDPI., 13(8), 1364.
https://doi.org/10.3390/met13081364

Grgur BN, Popović AS, Salem A. Influence of Alkyd Composite Coatings with Polyaniline Doped with Different Organic Acids on the Corrosion of Mild Steel. in Metals. 2023;13(8):1364.
doi:10.3390/met13081364 .

Grgur, Branimir N., Popović, Aleksandra S., Salem, Ayad, "Influence of Alkyd Composite Coatings with Polyaniline Doped with Different Organic Acids on the Corrosion of Mild Steel" in Metals, 13, no. 8 (2023):1364,
https://doi.org/10.3390/met13081364 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salem, Ayad A.
AU  - Grgur, Branimir
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4012
AB  - The chemically synthesized polyaniline in the powdered form by the procedure recommended by IUPAC is reprotonated using sulfamic, citric, succinic and acetic acid. The UV-vis spectroscopy is applied to estimate doping degree of the reprotonated samples. The estimated doping degrees are as follows: the polyaniline doped with sulfamic acid 0.28, with succinic acid 0.18, with citric acid 0.15 and with acetic acid 0.13. The composite coatings are prepared by mixing the alkyd based commercial paint with 5 wt.% of the reprotonated samples and painted on mild steel. Using linear polarization method, the polarization resistances of the composite and base coatings are determined in 3% NaCI. It is shown that initial oxidation state of the polyaniline determined the values of polarization resistance which decrease in the following order: R-p(sulfamic)  gt  R-p(succinic)  gt  R-p(citric)  gt  R-p(acetic) similar to R-p(base coating). For all composite coatings, increases in the corrosion potentials are observed during the time, while for base coating decrease. The steel samples with base and composite coatings are also immersed in 3% NaCl, after 150 h visually inspected, and by the optical microscope. It is shown that composite coatings reduce the possibility of blister formations and delamination. The appearance of the corrosion products closely follow the initial oxidation state of the polyaniline. It is suggested that such behavior could be connected with the oxygen reduction mechanism that proceed mainly via two electron path on the polyaniline particles, releasing a much smaller amount of hydroxyl ions, responsible for the delamination and blister formations.
PB  - Elsevier Science Sa, Lausanne
T2  - Progress in Organic Coatings
T1  - The influence of the polyaniline initial oxidation states on the corrosion of steel with composite coatings
EP  - 144
SP  - 138
VL  - 119
DO  - 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.032
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Salem, Ayad A. and Grgur, Branimir",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The chemically synthesized polyaniline in the powdered form by the procedure recommended by IUPAC is reprotonated using sulfamic, citric, succinic and acetic acid. The UV-vis spectroscopy is applied to estimate doping degree of the reprotonated samples. The estimated doping degrees are as follows: the polyaniline doped with sulfamic acid 0.28, with succinic acid 0.18, with citric acid 0.15 and with acetic acid 0.13. The composite coatings are prepared by mixing the alkyd based commercial paint with 5 wt.% of the reprotonated samples and painted on mild steel. Using linear polarization method, the polarization resistances of the composite and base coatings are determined in 3% NaCI. It is shown that initial oxidation state of the polyaniline determined the values of polarization resistance which decrease in the following order: R-p(sulfamic)  gt  R-p(succinic)  gt  R-p(citric)  gt  R-p(acetic) similar to R-p(base coating). For all composite coatings, increases in the corrosion potentials are observed during the time, while for base coating decrease. The steel samples with base and composite coatings are also immersed in 3% NaCl, after 150 h visually inspected, and by the optical microscope. It is shown that composite coatings reduce the possibility of blister formations and delamination. The appearance of the corrosion products closely follow the initial oxidation state of the polyaniline. It is suggested that such behavior could be connected with the oxygen reduction mechanism that proceed mainly via two electron path on the polyaniline particles, releasing a much smaller amount of hydroxyl ions, responsible for the delamination and blister formations.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Sa, Lausanne",
journal = "Progress in Organic Coatings",
title = "The influence of the polyaniline initial oxidation states on the corrosion of steel with composite coatings",
pages = "144-138",
volume = "119",
doi = "10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.032"
}

Salem, A. A.,& Grgur, B.. (2018). The influence of the polyaniline initial oxidation states on the corrosion of steel with composite coatings. in Progress in Organic Coatings
Elsevier Science Sa, Lausanne., 119, 138-144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.032

Salem AA, Grgur B. The influence of the polyaniline initial oxidation states on the corrosion of steel with composite coatings. in Progress in Organic Coatings. 2018;119:138-144.
doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.032 .

Salem, Ayad A., Grgur, Branimir, "The influence of the polyaniline initial oxidation states on the corrosion of steel with composite coatings" in Progress in Organic Coatings, 119 (2018):138-144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.02.032 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salem, Ayad A.
AU  - Grgur, Branimir
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3653
AB  - The synthesis of the polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form by the procedure suggested by IUPAC is successful preformed. Emeraldine salt form is deprotonated with ammonium hydroxide and reprotonated with benzoic acid. Using the UV-visible spectroscopy the doping degree of 0.25 is estimated. The corrosion performances of the base coating and composite coating with 5 wt.% of polyaniline benzoate on mild steel are investigated by the means of linear polarization measurements and results are compared with in site determined iron concentrations in the corrosive media using ASTM 1,10-phenanthroline method and the corrosion current density is recalculated. Excellent agreement between these two methods is achieved. It is shown that composite containing polyaniline, offers an order of magnitude better corrosion protection than base coating, and more than three order of magnitude than pure mild steel.
PB  - Electrochemical Science Group, Beograd
T2  - International Journal of Electrochemical Science
T1  - Corrosion of Mild Steel with Composite Alkyd Polyaniline-benzoate Coating
EP  - 8694
IS  - 9
SP  - 8683
VL  - 12
DO  - 10.20964/2017.09.57
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Salem, Ayad A. and Grgur, Branimir",
year = "2017",
abstract = "The synthesis of the polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form by the procedure suggested by IUPAC is successful preformed. Emeraldine salt form is deprotonated with ammonium hydroxide and reprotonated with benzoic acid. Using the UV-visible spectroscopy the doping degree of 0.25 is estimated. The corrosion performances of the base coating and composite coating with 5 wt.% of polyaniline benzoate on mild steel are investigated by the means of linear polarization measurements and results are compared with in site determined iron concentrations in the corrosive media using ASTM 1,10-phenanthroline method and the corrosion current density is recalculated. Excellent agreement between these two methods is achieved. It is shown that composite containing polyaniline, offers an order of magnitude better corrosion protection than base coating, and more than three order of magnitude than pure mild steel.",
publisher = "Electrochemical Science Group, Beograd",
journal = "International Journal of Electrochemical Science",
title = "Corrosion of Mild Steel with Composite Alkyd Polyaniline-benzoate Coating",
pages = "8694-8683",
number = "9",
volume = "12",
doi = "10.20964/2017.09.57"
}

Salem, A. A.,& Grgur, B.. (2017). Corrosion of Mild Steel with Composite Alkyd Polyaniline-benzoate Coating. in International Journal of Electrochemical Science
Electrochemical Science Group, Beograd., 12(9), 8683-8694.
https://doi.org/10.20964/2017.09.57

Salem AA, Grgur B. Corrosion of Mild Steel with Composite Alkyd Polyaniline-benzoate Coating. in International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 2017;12(9):8683-8694.
doi:10.20964/2017.09.57 .

Salem, Ayad A., Grgur, Branimir, "Corrosion of Mild Steel with Composite Alkyd Polyaniline-benzoate Coating" in International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 12, no. 9 (2017):8683-8694,
https://doi.org/10.20964/2017.09.57 . .