TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka
AU  - Świątek, Łukasz
AU  - Grzęda, Anita
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6031
AB  - The main aim of this study was to evaluate the oils from chamomile seeds as a new source of bioactive compounds suitable for human consumption. A green extraction technique with supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) at pressures up to 450 bar and temperatures up to 60 °C was employed for the production of a high amount of biologically active oil. Additionally, exhausted waste material was re-extracted using sc-CO2 with the addition of ethanol. By optimization in operating pressure, temperature, production cost, fraction of milled seeds, and co-solvent addition, the amount of separated chamomile oil increased from 2.4 to 18.6% and the content of unsaturated fatty acids up to 88.7%. Oils contained α-bisabolol oxide A and B in amounts up to 1.4%. Linoleic acid was detected in an amount up to 711.1 mg/g and α-linolenic acid up to 27.5 mg/g. The total phenolic content in separated oil reached 80.4 mg GAE/g while the total flavonoid content reached 11.6 mg QE/g. The obtained chamomile oils showed antioxidant activity with an IC50 of up to 3.9 mg/mL. Among the 23 tested microorganisms, the antimicrobial activity of oils was the most pronounced against Gram-positive bacteria. The cytotoxic activity of oils was tested on normal and cancer-derived cell lines. Results indicated a significant potential for oil from chamomile seeds, produced in an eco-friendly manner, as a functional food.
PB  - Springer
T2  - Food and Bioprocess Technology
T1  - A Novel Strategy for the Separation of Functional Oils from Chamomile Seeds
DO  - 10.1007/s11947-023-03038-9
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka and Świątek, Łukasz and Grzęda, Anita and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The main aim of this study was to evaluate the oils from chamomile seeds as a new source of bioactive compounds suitable for human consumption. A green extraction technique with supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) at pressures up to 450 bar and temperatures up to 60 °C was employed for the production of a high amount of biologically active oil. Additionally, exhausted waste material was re-extracted using sc-CO2 with the addition of ethanol. By optimization in operating pressure, temperature, production cost, fraction of milled seeds, and co-solvent addition, the amount of separated chamomile oil increased from 2.4 to 18.6% and the content of unsaturated fatty acids up to 88.7%. Oils contained α-bisabolol oxide A and B in amounts up to 1.4%. Linoleic acid was detected in an amount up to 711.1 mg/g and α-linolenic acid up to 27.5 mg/g. The total phenolic content in separated oil reached 80.4 mg GAE/g while the total flavonoid content reached 11.6 mg QE/g. The obtained chamomile oils showed antioxidant activity with an IC50 of up to 3.9 mg/mL. Among the 23 tested microorganisms, the antimicrobial activity of oils was the most pronounced against Gram-positive bacteria. The cytotoxic activity of oils was tested on normal and cancer-derived cell lines. Results indicated a significant potential for oil from chamomile seeds, produced in an eco-friendly manner, as a functional food.",
publisher = "Springer",
journal = "Food and Bioprocess Technology",
title = "A Novel Strategy for the Separation of Functional Oils from Chamomile Seeds",
doi = "10.1007/s11947-023-03038-9"
}

Milovanović, S., Grzegorczyk, A., Świątek, Ł., Grzęda, A., Dębczak, A., Tyskiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). A Novel Strategy for the Separation of Functional Oils from Chamomile Seeds. in Food and Bioprocess Technology
Springer..
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-023-03038-9

Milovanović S, Grzegorczyk A, Świątek Ł, Grzęda A, Dębczak A, Tyskiewicz K, Konkol M. A Novel Strategy for the Separation of Functional Oils from Chamomile Seeds. in Food and Bioprocess Technology. 2023;.
doi:10.1007/s11947-023-03038-9 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka, Świątek, Łukasz, Grzęda, Anita, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "A Novel Strategy for the Separation of Functional Oils from Chamomile Seeds" in Food and Bioprocess Technology (2023),
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-023-03038-9 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6904
AB  - Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is becoming an industry valuable crop due to the increase in its
utilization in the food and phytopharmaceutical industry. Nonetheless, its application is still limited
especially considering its extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring dandelion seeds as
a source of bioactive compounds. For this purpose, an environmentally friendly supercritical CO2
extraction technique was employed and extracts were separated at pressures of 10-45 MPa and a
temperature of 313 K. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped
with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CGFID),
as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. It was shown
that the selection of process pressure determined both extract yield and extract composition. An
increase in pressure increased extraction yield from 7.4 to 25.2% and the content of dominant linoleic
and oleic fatty acids (from 536.3 to 658.3 mg/g and 125.8 to 161.7 mg/g, respectively). Total phenolic
and flavonoid content in obtained extracts ranged from 5.5 to 9.0 mg GAE/g and from 208.6 to 497.5
mg QE/g, respectively. The strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity with inhibition of 64.4% was
recorded for extract obtained at 10 MPa for extract solution concentration of 20 mg/mL. Obtained
results confirmed that extracts obtained from dandelion seeds are a valuable source of bioactive
compounds.
PB  - Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology
C3  - Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022
T1  - SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION
SP  - 101
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is becoming an industry valuable crop due to the increase in its
utilization in the food and phytopharmaceutical industry. Nonetheless, its application is still limited
especially considering its extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring dandelion seeds as
a source of bioactive compounds. For this purpose, an environmentally friendly supercritical CO2
extraction technique was employed and extracts were separated at pressures of 10-45 MPa and a
temperature of 313 K. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped
with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CGFID),
as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. It was shown
that the selection of process pressure determined both extract yield and extract composition. An
increase in pressure increased extraction yield from 7.4 to 25.2% and the content of dominant linoleic
and oleic fatty acids (from 536.3 to 658.3 mg/g and 125.8 to 161.7 mg/g, respectively). Total phenolic
and flavonoid content in obtained extracts ranged from 5.5 to 9.0 mg GAE/g and from 208.6 to 497.5
mg QE/g, respectively. The strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity with inhibition of 64.4% was
recorded for extract obtained at 10 MPa for extract solution concentration of 20 mg/mL. Obtained
results confirmed that extracts obtained from dandelion seeds are a valuable source of bioactive
compounds.",
publisher = "Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology",
journal = "Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022",
title = "SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION",
pages = "101",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904"
}

Milovanović, S., Dębczak, A., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION. in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022
Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology., 101.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904

Milovanović S, Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION. in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022. 2022;:101.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION" in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022 (2022):101,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Kamiński, Piotr
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Klimkowska, Kamila
AU  - Florkowski, Grzegorz
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6901
AB  - Milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine from ancient times mostly for treatment of liver disorders [1,2]. Nowadays it is an industrially valuable crop for preparation of herbal supplements reaching total sales of 16 million USD in the USA market [2]. The separation of valuable bioactive compounds from plant materials can be performed by several methods using organic and inorganic solvents. Nevertheless, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that employs CO2 is considered a green alternative to other conventional extraction methods. In order to be economically viable, the SFE process should be optimized by selection of appropriate pressure and temperature conditions followed by a scale-up. The scale-up of the SFE process can be performed by keeping constant: the ratio of scCO2 flow rate to mass of bed raw material, the ratio of bed length and bed diameter or dimensionless number such as Reynolds number [3]. This study presents the scale-up of the SFE process, first by selection of optimal pressure (100, 200 and 300 bar) at moderate temperature of 40 °C using a lab scale unit (0.6 L), following by selection of optimal CO2 consumption per used plant material as well as optimal ratio of plant material mass per volume of extractor. Optimal parameters were further tested using a semi-industrial scale unit (40 L). The highest extraction yield obtained was 27%. The performed scale-up study showed a good agreement between lab and pilot scale units. The qualitative analysis performed using GC/MS showed that obtained extracts contained around 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The quantitative analysis performed using GC/FID confirmed that predominant fatty acids were oleic and linoleic acids with a content in the range of 191-234 mg/g and 445-514 mg/g, respectively (depending on the SFE pressure). Total phenolic compounds were estimated in each extract by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay reaching ca. 90 mg GAE/g. The free radical scavenging capacity was analyzed by the DPPH assay showing value of IC50 (concentration of extract required for the 50% decrease in absorbance of the blank) to be ca. 13 mg/mL.
PB  - Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology
C3  - Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022
T1  - Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract
EP  - 29
SP  - 28
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Kamiński, Piotr and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Klimkowska, Kamila and Florkowski, Grzegorz and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine from ancient times mostly for treatment of liver disorders [1,2]. Nowadays it is an industrially valuable crop for preparation of herbal supplements reaching total sales of 16 million USD in the USA market [2]. The separation of valuable bioactive compounds from plant materials can be performed by several methods using organic and inorganic solvents. Nevertheless, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that employs CO2 is considered a green alternative to other conventional extraction methods. In order to be economically viable, the SFE process should be optimized by selection of appropriate pressure and temperature conditions followed by a scale-up. The scale-up of the SFE process can be performed by keeping constant: the ratio of scCO2 flow rate to mass of bed raw material, the ratio of bed length and bed diameter or dimensionless number such as Reynolds number [3]. This study presents the scale-up of the SFE process, first by selection of optimal pressure (100, 200 and 300 bar) at moderate temperature of 40 °C using a lab scale unit (0.6 L), following by selection of optimal CO2 consumption per used plant material as well as optimal ratio of plant material mass per volume of extractor. Optimal parameters were further tested using a semi-industrial scale unit (40 L). The highest extraction yield obtained was 27%. The performed scale-up study showed a good agreement between lab and pilot scale units. The qualitative analysis performed using GC/MS showed that obtained extracts contained around 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The quantitative analysis performed using GC/FID confirmed that predominant fatty acids were oleic and linoleic acids with a content in the range of 191-234 mg/g and 445-514 mg/g, respectively (depending on the SFE pressure). Total phenolic compounds were estimated in each extract by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay reaching ca. 90 mg GAE/g. The free radical scavenging capacity was analyzed by the DPPH assay showing value of IC50 (concentration of extract required for the 50% decrease in absorbance of the blank) to be ca. 13 mg/mL.",
publisher = "Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology",
journal = "Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022",
title = "Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract",
pages = "29-28",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901"
}

Milovanović, S., Kamiński, P., Dębczak, A., Klimkowska, K., Florkowski, G., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract. in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022
Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology., 28-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901

Milovanović S, Kamiński P, Dębczak A, Klimkowska K, Florkowski G, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract. in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022. 2022;:28-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Kamiński, Piotr, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Klimkowska, Kamila, Florkowski, Grzegorz, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract" in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022 (2022):28-29,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kamiński, Piotr
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6902
AB  - Plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a source of valuable bioactive compounds such as essential fatty acids and flavonolignans, that are commercially used in food and phytopharmaceuticals. These bioactive compounds are separated from plant material by conventional extraction methods using organic solvents such as n-hexane and high temperatures. In this manner bioactive compounds can be thermally degraded, organic solvent can remain in final products, and organic waste is generated. A green alternative to conventional extraction techniques is the supercritical extraction process (SCE), which employs CO2 as a solvent. Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) has GRAS status and relatively mild critical parameters (Pc= 7.3 MPa and Tc=31.1 °C). Due to high diffusivity, low viscosity, and near-zero surface tension, it is widely used for the separation of bioactive compounds from plant material. It can be easily separated from the final product and fully recycled. In order to produce a high amount of valuable extract from milk thistle seeds in an environmentally friendly manner, the SCE process was tested at pressures of 10, 20, 30, and 45 MPa and temperatures 40, 60, and 80°C. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CG-FID), as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays. It was shown that variation of the extraction pressure and temperature led to a significant variation in extraction yields (from 0.1 to 31.5%). Furthermore, the content of dominant essential fatty acid (linoleic acid) present in extracts ranged from 445 to 514mg/g. It was shown that the extract separated at 10 MPa and 40°C contained the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (138.0 mg GAE/g). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=12.66 mg/mL) showed the extract obtained at 30MPa and 60°C. Obtained results gave valuable insights into the optimization of the SCE process for the production of solvent-free and biologically active extracts from milk thistle seeds.
C3  - 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL)
T1  - Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature
SP  - T012
VL  - 1
DO  - 10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kamiński, Piotr and Milovanović, Stoja and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a source of valuable bioactive compounds such as essential fatty acids and flavonolignans, that are commercially used in food and phytopharmaceuticals. These bioactive compounds are separated from plant material by conventional extraction methods using organic solvents such as n-hexane and high temperatures. In this manner bioactive compounds can be thermally degraded, organic solvent can remain in final products, and organic waste is generated. A green alternative to conventional extraction techniques is the supercritical extraction process (SCE), which employs CO2 as a solvent. Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) has GRAS status and relatively mild critical parameters (Pc= 7.3 MPa and Tc=31.1 °C). Due to high diffusivity, low viscosity, and near-zero surface tension, it is widely used for the separation of bioactive compounds from plant material. It can be easily separated from the final product and fully recycled. In order to produce a high amount of valuable extract from milk thistle seeds in an environmentally friendly manner, the SCE process was tested at pressures of 10, 20, 30, and 45 MPa and temperatures 40, 60, and 80°C. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CG-FID), as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays. It was shown that variation of the extraction pressure and temperature led to a significant variation in extraction yields (from 0.1 to 31.5%). Furthermore, the content of dominant essential fatty acid (linoleic acid) present in extracts ranged from 445 to 514mg/g. It was shown that the extract separated at 10 MPa and 40°C contained the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (138.0 mg GAE/g). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=12.66 mg/mL) showed the extract obtained at 30MPa and 60°C. Obtained results gave valuable insights into the optimization of the SCE process for the production of solvent-free and biologically active extracts from milk thistle seeds.",
journal = "1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL)",
title = "Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature",
pages = "T012",
volume = "1",
doi = "10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012"
}

Kamiński, P., Milovanović, S., Dębczak, A., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature. in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL), 1, T012.
https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012

Kamiński P, Milovanović S, Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature. in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL). 2022;1:T012.
doi:10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012 .

Kamiński, Piotr, Milovanović, Stoja, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature" in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL), 1 (2022):T012,
https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovanovic, Stoja
AU  - Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka
AU  - Świątek, Łukasz
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5163
AB  - The present study was intended to explore dandelion seeds as a new source of biologically active constituents using an environmentally friendly extraction technique. The process-function relationships were determined by following the influence of temperature (40 and 60 °C) and pressure (from 100 to 450 bar) on the amount of separated extract, its density, composition, and bioactivity. It was shown that the supercritical CO2-assisted technique enables the separation of 0.6–25.0% extract having a density in a range of 827–941 kg/m3. Extracts contained a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids (89.9–90.6%) including linoleic acid (71%) and α-linolenic acid (up to 0.9%), as well as phenolic (5.5–12.1 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid compounds (208.6–564.5 μg QE/g). The antioxidant activity test showed that 20 mg/mL extract solutions inhibit 26.0–64.4% DPPH radical. In addition, extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus. There was no cytotoxic effect on normal green monkey kidney cells and human skin fibroblasts nor on hypopharyngeal cancer, cervical adenocarcinoma, and colon cancer cells. The study indicated the possible safe application of bioactive dandelion seeds extract in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industry.
PB  - Elsevier B.V.
T2  - Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
T1  - Dandelion seeds as a new and valuable source of bioactive extracts obtained using the supercritical fluid extraction technique
SP  - 100796
VL  - 29
DO  - 10.1016/j.scp.2022.100796
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milovanovic, Stoja and Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka and Świątek, Łukasz and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The present study was intended to explore dandelion seeds as a new source of biologically active constituents using an environmentally friendly extraction technique. The process-function relationships were determined by following the influence of temperature (40 and 60 °C) and pressure (from 100 to 450 bar) on the amount of separated extract, its density, composition, and bioactivity. It was shown that the supercritical CO2-assisted technique enables the separation of 0.6–25.0% extract having a density in a range of 827–941 kg/m3. Extracts contained a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids (89.9–90.6%) including linoleic acid (71%) and α-linolenic acid (up to 0.9%), as well as phenolic (5.5–12.1 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid compounds (208.6–564.5 μg QE/g). The antioxidant activity test showed that 20 mg/mL extract solutions inhibit 26.0–64.4% DPPH radical. In addition, extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus. There was no cytotoxic effect on normal green monkey kidney cells and human skin fibroblasts nor on hypopharyngeal cancer, cervical adenocarcinoma, and colon cancer cells. The study indicated the possible safe application of bioactive dandelion seeds extract in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industry.",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
journal = "Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy",
title = "Dandelion seeds as a new and valuable source of bioactive extracts obtained using the supercritical fluid extraction technique",
pages = "100796",
volume = "29",
doi = "10.1016/j.scp.2022.100796"
}

Milovanovic, S., Grzegorczyk, A., Świątek, Ł., Dębczak, A., Tyskiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). Dandelion seeds as a new and valuable source of bioactive extracts obtained using the supercritical fluid extraction technique. in Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
Elsevier B.V.., 29, 100796.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2022.100796

Milovanovic S, Grzegorczyk A, Świątek Ł, Dębczak A, Tyskiewicz K, Konkol M. Dandelion seeds as a new and valuable source of bioactive extracts obtained using the supercritical fluid extraction technique. in Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy. 2022;29:100796.
doi:10.1016/j.scp.2022.100796 .

Milovanovic, Stoja, Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka, Świątek, Łukasz, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyskiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Dandelion seeds as a new and valuable source of bioactive extracts obtained using the supercritical fluid extraction technique" in Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 29 (2022):100796,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2022.100796 . .