TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
AU  - Marinković, Bojan A.
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Lević, Steva
AU  - Đorđević, Antonije
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir B.
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6467
AB  - Magnesium aluminate has the spinel structure along with good mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Magnesium aluminate has a wide range of applications including refractory ceramics, optically transparent ceramic windows, and armors. Its low dielectric permeability and low loss tangent enable its applications for integrated electronic devices, as well. In this paper, MgO and Al2O3 powders were mixed in a one-to-one molar ratio and calcined at temperatures ranging from 1500 to 1800°C to produce phase pure spinel. Thereafter, pellets were crushed and treated in a planetary ball mill for 60 min to obtain a fine powder. All powders were examined for phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology. The obtained results showed that by increasing the temperature, samples with higher density were synthesized. Milling for 1 h led to formation of larger particles, but finer powders after milling. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy showed disorder in the crystal structure after milling.
AB  - Магнезијум алуминат поседује структуру спинела и добра механичка, хемијска и термичка својства. Има широк спектар примене, укључујући рефракторну керамику, оружје и оптички транспарентна керамичка стакла. Ниска диелектрична пермеабилност и тангенс губитака пружају овој керамици примену и у електричним направама. У овом раду, прахови MgO и Al2O3 су помешани у моларном односу 1:1 и калцинисани на температурама између 1500°C и 1800°C да би се добио спинел. Након тога, узорци су смрвљени и механички активирани у млину током 60 минута да би се добио фини уситњен прах. Одређени су фазни састав, кристална структура и морфологија свих прахова. Резултати су показали да са порастом температуре расте и густина синтетисаних узорака. Млевење од 1 сата води ка формирању већих честица, али финијих прахова након млевења. XRPD и Раман спектроскопија указују на неуређену кристалну структуру након млевења.
PB  - International Institute for the Science of Sintering (IISS)
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - Morphological and Structural Characterization of MgAl2O4 Spinel
EP  - 10
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
VL  - 55
DO  - 10.2298/SOS2301001O
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Filipović, Suzana and Fahrenholtz, William G. and Marinković, Bojan A. and Rogan, Jelena and Lević, Steva and Đorđević, Antonije and Pavlović, Vladimir B.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Magnesium aluminate has the spinel structure along with good mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Magnesium aluminate has a wide range of applications including refractory ceramics, optically transparent ceramic windows, and armors. Its low dielectric permeability and low loss tangent enable its applications for integrated electronic devices, as well. In this paper, MgO and Al2O3 powders were mixed in a one-to-one molar ratio and calcined at temperatures ranging from 1500 to 1800°C to produce phase pure spinel. Thereafter, pellets were crushed and treated in a planetary ball mill for 60 min to obtain a fine powder. All powders were examined for phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology. The obtained results showed that by increasing the temperature, samples with higher density were synthesized. Milling for 1 h led to formation of larger particles, but finer powders after milling. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy showed disorder in the crystal structure after milling., Магнезијум алуминат поседује структуру спинела и добра механичка, хемијска и термичка својства. Има широк спектар примене, укључујући рефракторну керамику, оружје и оптички транспарентна керамичка стакла. Ниска диелектрична пермеабилност и тангенс губитака пружају овој керамици примену и у електричним направама. У овом раду, прахови MgO и Al2O3 су помешани у моларном односу 1:1 и калцинисани на температурама између 1500°C и 1800°C да би се добио спинел. Након тога, узорци су смрвљени и механички активирани у млину током 60 минута да би се добио фини уситњен прах. Одређени су фазни састав, кристална структура и морфологија свих прахова. Резултати су показали да са порастом температуре расте и густина синтетисаних узорака. Млевење од 1 сата води ка формирању већих честица, али финијих прахова након млевења. XRPD и Раман спектроскопија указују на неуређену кристалну структуру након млевења.",
publisher = "International Institute for the Science of Sintering (IISS)",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "Morphological and Structural Characterization of MgAl2O4 Spinel",
pages = "10-1",
number = "1",
volume = "55",
doi = "10.2298/SOS2301001O"
}

Obradović, N., Filipović, S., Fahrenholtz, W. G., Marinković, B. A., Rogan, J., Lević, S., Đorđević, A.,& Pavlović, V. B.. (2023). Morphological and Structural Characterization of MgAl2O4 Spinel. in Science of Sintering
International Institute for the Science of Sintering (IISS)., 55(1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS2301001O

Obradović N, Filipović S, Fahrenholtz WG, Marinković BA, Rogan J, Lević S, Đorđević A, Pavlović VB. Morphological and Structural Characterization of MgAl2O4 Spinel. in Science of Sintering. 2023;55(1):1-10.
doi:10.2298/SOS2301001O .

Obradović, Nina, Filipović, Suzana, Fahrenholtz, William G., Marinković, Bojan A., Rogan, Jelena, Lević, Steva, Đorđević, Antonije, Pavlović, Vladimir B., "Morphological and Structural Characterization of MgAl2O4 Spinel" in Science of Sintering, 55, no. 1 (2023):1-10,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS2301001O . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Feng, Lun
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Mirković, Miljana
AU  - Kosanović, Darko
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6610
AB  - Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
T2  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
T1  - Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC
DO  - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Feng, Lun and Filipović, Suzana and Mirković, Miljana and Kosanović, Darko and Rogan, Jelena and Fahrenholtz, William G.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",
journal = "Journal of the European Ceramic Society",
title = "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC",
doi = "10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007"
}

Obradović, N., Feng, L., Filipović, S., Mirković, M., Kosanović, D., Rogan, J.,& Fahrenholtz, W. G.. (2023). Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Elsevier Ltd..
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007

Obradović N, Feng L, Filipović S, Mirković M, Kosanović D, Rogan J, Fahrenholtz WG. Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2023;.
doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007 .

Obradović, Nina, Feng, Lun, Filipović, Suzana, Mirković, Miljana, Kosanović, Darko, Rogan, Jelena, Fahrenholtz, William G., "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC" in Journal of the European Ceramic Society (2023),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Kosanović, Darko
AU  - Dapčević, Aleksandra
AU  - Đorđević, Antonije
AU  - Balać, Igor
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir B.
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4264
AB  - Magnesium aluminate, MgAl2O4 and other alumina-based spinels are ceramics with high hardness, high melting point and mechanical strenght. Spinels can also be used as dielectrics in microwave applications. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mechanical activation and sintering temperatures on physico-chemical properties of spinel. MgAl2O4 was produced by solid state reaction between MgO and alpha-Al2O3. The starting powders were mixed by ball milling to homogenize without significant particle size reduction. Mechanical activation of mixed powders was performed in a high-energy planetary ball mill in air for 1 h. Powders were compacted at 300 MPa. Heat treatments were performed in air, at temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1600 degrees C with 2 h dwell time, to determine the amount of spinel formation as a function of temperature. Phase composition and microstructure of initial powders and heated samples were determined by means of X-ray diffraction, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The influences of milling and consolidation parameters were studied by electrical measurements and mechanical characterization. The main conclusion of this study was that mechanical activation for 60 min initiated a mechano-chemical reaction, resulted in spinel formation at much lower temperatures than within non-activated powders, and indicated that final sintering stage started at much lower temperatures for activated powders. Changes in microstructure parameters, as a consequence of mechanical treatment and subsequent heating of investigated powder mixtures, strongly affect electrical and mechanical properties of the final ceramics.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Ceramics International
T1  - The effect of mechanical activation on synthesis and properties of MgAl2O4 ceramics
EP  - 12021
IS  - 9
SP  - 12015
VL  - 45
DO  - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.095
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Fahrenholtz, William G. and Filipović, Suzana and Kosanović, Darko and Dapčević, Aleksandra and Đorđević, Antonije and Balać, Igor and Pavlović, Vladimir B.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Magnesium aluminate, MgAl2O4 and other alumina-based spinels are ceramics with high hardness, high melting point and mechanical strenght. Spinels can also be used as dielectrics in microwave applications. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mechanical activation and sintering temperatures on physico-chemical properties of spinel. MgAl2O4 was produced by solid state reaction between MgO and alpha-Al2O3. The starting powders were mixed by ball milling to homogenize without significant particle size reduction. Mechanical activation of mixed powders was performed in a high-energy planetary ball mill in air for 1 h. Powders were compacted at 300 MPa. Heat treatments were performed in air, at temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1600 degrees C with 2 h dwell time, to determine the amount of spinel formation as a function of temperature. Phase composition and microstructure of initial powders and heated samples were determined by means of X-ray diffraction, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The influences of milling and consolidation parameters were studied by electrical measurements and mechanical characterization. The main conclusion of this study was that mechanical activation for 60 min initiated a mechano-chemical reaction, resulted in spinel formation at much lower temperatures than within non-activated powders, and indicated that final sintering stage started at much lower temperatures for activated powders. Changes in microstructure parameters, as a consequence of mechanical treatment and subsequent heating of investigated powder mixtures, strongly affect electrical and mechanical properties of the final ceramics.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Ceramics International",
title = "The effect of mechanical activation on synthesis and properties of MgAl2O4 ceramics",
pages = "12021-12015",
number = "9",
volume = "45",
doi = "10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.095"
}

Obradović, N., Fahrenholtz, W. G., Filipović, S., Kosanović, D., Dapčević, A., Đorđević, A., Balać, I.,& Pavlović, V. B.. (2019). The effect of mechanical activation on synthesis and properties of MgAl2O4 ceramics. in Ceramics International
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 45(9), 12015-12021.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.095

Obradović N, Fahrenholtz WG, Filipović S, Kosanović D, Dapčević A, Đorđević A, Balać I, Pavlović VB. The effect of mechanical activation on synthesis and properties of MgAl2O4 ceramics. in Ceramics International. 2019;45(9):12015-12021.
doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.095 .

Obradović, Nina, Fahrenholtz, William G., Filipović, Suzana, Kosanović, Darko, Dapčević, Aleksandra, Đorđević, Antonije, Balać, Igor, Pavlović, Vladimir B., "The effect of mechanical activation on synthesis and properties of MgAl2O4 ceramics" in Ceramics International, 45, no. 9 (2019):12015-12021,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.095 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Corlett, Cole
AU  - Đorđević, Pavle
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Vulić, Predrag
AU  - Buljak, Vladimir
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir B.
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4136
AB  - Single phase MgAl2O4 was made from a one-to-one molar ratio of MgO and Al2O3 powders mixed using ball-milling. Mixtures of MgO and Al2O3 were subsequently treated in planetary ball mill for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes in air. The aim of this study was to examine phase composition, microstructure, and densification behavior of sintered specimens. After sintering in dilatometer at 1500 degrees C, the powder was converted to single phase MgAl2O4. The results show that mechanical activation improved the densification behavior of MgAl2O4 sintered specimens, and it reduced the onset temperature for sintering by approx. 100 degrees C. Based on dilatometer data, powders were subsequently densified at 1450 degrees C by hot pressing. Almost all specimens exhibited full density, while sample activated for 30 minutes showed the fastest densification rate.
PB  - Međunarodni Institut za nauku o sinterovanju, Beograd
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - Characterization of MgAl2O4 Sintered Ceramics
EP  - 376
IS  - 4
SP  - 363
VL  - 51
DO  - 10.2298/SOS1904363O
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Fahrenholtz, William G. and Filipović, Suzana and Corlett, Cole and Đorđević, Pavle and Rogan, Jelena and Vulić, Predrag and Buljak, Vladimir and Pavlović, Vladimir B.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Single phase MgAl2O4 was made from a one-to-one molar ratio of MgO and Al2O3 powders mixed using ball-milling. Mixtures of MgO and Al2O3 were subsequently treated in planetary ball mill for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes in air. The aim of this study was to examine phase composition, microstructure, and densification behavior of sintered specimens. After sintering in dilatometer at 1500 degrees C, the powder was converted to single phase MgAl2O4. The results show that mechanical activation improved the densification behavior of MgAl2O4 sintered specimens, and it reduced the onset temperature for sintering by approx. 100 degrees C. Based on dilatometer data, powders were subsequently densified at 1450 degrees C by hot pressing. Almost all specimens exhibited full density, while sample activated for 30 minutes showed the fastest densification rate.",
publisher = "Međunarodni Institut za nauku o sinterovanju, Beograd",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "Characterization of MgAl2O4 Sintered Ceramics",
pages = "376-363",
number = "4",
volume = "51",
doi = "10.2298/SOS1904363O"
}

Obradović, N., Fahrenholtz, W. G., Filipović, S., Corlett, C., Đorđević, P., Rogan, J., Vulić, P., Buljak, V.,& Pavlović, V. B.. (2019). Characterization of MgAl2O4 Sintered Ceramics. in Science of Sintering
Međunarodni Institut za nauku o sinterovanju, Beograd., 51(4), 363-376.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1904363O

Obradović N, Fahrenholtz WG, Filipović S, Corlett C, Đorđević P, Rogan J, Vulić P, Buljak V, Pavlović VB. Characterization of MgAl2O4 Sintered Ceramics. in Science of Sintering. 2019;51(4):363-376.
doi:10.2298/SOS1904363O .

Obradović, Nina, Fahrenholtz, William G., Filipović, Suzana, Corlett, Cole, Đorđević, Pavle, Rogan, Jelena, Vulić, Predrag, Buljak, Vladimir, Pavlović, Vladimir B., "Characterization of MgAl2O4 Sintered Ceramics" in Science of Sintering, 51, no. 4 (2019):363-376,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1904363O . .