TY  - JOUR
AU  - Khaliliyan, Hajar
AU  - Lin, Justine
AU  - Jusner, Paul
AU  - Schiehser, Sonja
AU  - Bacher, Markus
AU  - Kostić, Mirjana
AU  - Rosenau, Thomas
AU  - Potthast, Antje
AU  - Böhmdorfer, Stefan
PY  - 2024
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6986
AB  - Hemicellulose and pectin are noteworthy components of historical European rag papers, and have not been studied in detail so far. Rag papers were made from used textiles, and fiber-based utilities, such as ropes and bags. These had been prepared until the mid-19th century from plant-based fibers. Their polysaccharide composition could relate to their condition and history. This information can be expected to hold importance for the preservation and conservation of historical objects. We investigated a collection of rag papers of different age for their composition of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, and compared the findings with modern rag papers and wood pulps. Furthermore, a non-destructive determination of the hemicellulose and pectin content by near-infrared spectroscopy was developed. Historical rag papers had a lower hemicellulose/pectin content than pulps; the fractions of rhamnose, galactose, and arabinose were higher, while xylose was lower. In modern rag papers, xylose tended to be at the higher end of the range, which suggests a degradation of hemicelluloses/pectin over time or a change in raw materials and manufacturing. Rag papers also showed higher crystallinity than wood pulp papers. These findings provide insights into rag paper characteristics and offer potential classification methods.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd.
T2  - Carbohydrate Polymers
T1  - Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition
SP  - 121611
VL  - 326
DO  - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121611
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Khaliliyan, Hajar and Lin, Justine and Jusner, Paul and Schiehser, Sonja and Bacher, Markus and Kostić, Mirjana and Rosenau, Thomas and Potthast, Antje and Böhmdorfer, Stefan",
year = "2024",
abstract = "Hemicellulose and pectin are noteworthy components of historical European rag papers, and have not been studied in detail so far. Rag papers were made from used textiles, and fiber-based utilities, such as ropes and bags. These had been prepared until the mid-19th century from plant-based fibers. Their polysaccharide composition could relate to their condition and history. This information can be expected to hold importance for the preservation and conservation of historical objects. We investigated a collection of rag papers of different age for their composition of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, and compared the findings with modern rag papers and wood pulps. Furthermore, a non-destructive determination of the hemicellulose and pectin content by near-infrared spectroscopy was developed. Historical rag papers had a lower hemicellulose/pectin content than pulps; the fractions of rhamnose, galactose, and arabinose were higher, while xylose was lower. In modern rag papers, xylose tended to be at the higher end of the range, which suggests a degradation of hemicelluloses/pectin over time or a change in raw materials and manufacturing. Rag papers also showed higher crystallinity than wood pulp papers. These findings provide insights into rag paper characteristics and offer potential classification methods.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
journal = "Carbohydrate Polymers",
title = "Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition",
pages = "121611",
volume = "326",
doi = "10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121611"
}

Khaliliyan, H., Lin, J., Jusner, P., Schiehser, S., Bacher, M., Kostić, M., Rosenau, T., Potthast, A.,& Böhmdorfer, S.. (2024). Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition. in Carbohydrate Polymers
Elsevier Ltd.., 326, 121611.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121611

Khaliliyan H, Lin J, Jusner P, Schiehser S, Bacher M, Kostić M, Rosenau T, Potthast A, Böhmdorfer S. Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition. in Carbohydrate Polymers. 2024;326:121611.
doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121611 .

Khaliliyan, Hajar, Lin, Justine, Jusner, Paul, Schiehser, Sonja, Bacher, Markus, Kostić, Mirjana, Rosenau, Thomas, Potthast, Antje, Böhmdorfer, Stefan, "Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition" in Carbohydrate Polymers, 326 (2024):121611,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121611 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Potthast, Antje
AU  - Ahn, Kyujin
AU  - Becker, Manuel
AU  - Eichinger, Thomas
AU  - Kostić, Mirjana
AU  - Böhmdorfer, Stefan
AU  - Jeong, Myung Joon
AU  - Rosenau, Thomas
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5101
AB  - Gaseous acetic acid is formed under conditions of storage of historic paper objects. Its presence not only promotes hydrolytic cleavage of cellulose, but also causes acetylation of the cellulosic material to very small degree. The acetylation reaction proceeds under ambient conditions and without catalyst. Different analytical methods were used to prove the presence of organic acetates on cellulosic paper matrices. DESI-MS in combination with 2H-isotopic labeling showed the presence of sugar fragments with different acetylation patterns. A method based on Zemplen saponification was applied and worked also in the presence of a large excess of acetic acid and/or inorganic acetates. The acetylation effect was quantified for model papers and original, naturally aged paper samples. While cellulose acetylation was clearly proven to be another general pathway of paper aging, further studies of this acetylation phenomenon are needed with regard to conservational aspects and suitable paper storage conditions.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
T2  - Carbohydrate Polymers
T1  - Acetylation of cellulose – Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers
SP  - 119323
VL  - 287
DO  - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119323
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Potthast, Antje and Ahn, Kyujin and Becker, Manuel and Eichinger, Thomas and Kostić, Mirjana and Böhmdorfer, Stefan and Jeong, Myung Joon and Rosenau, Thomas",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Gaseous acetic acid is formed under conditions of storage of historic paper objects. Its presence not only promotes hydrolytic cleavage of cellulose, but also causes acetylation of the cellulosic material to very small degree. The acetylation reaction proceeds under ambient conditions and without catalyst. Different analytical methods were used to prove the presence of organic acetates on cellulosic paper matrices. DESI-MS in combination with 2H-isotopic labeling showed the presence of sugar fragments with different acetylation patterns. A method based on Zemplen saponification was applied and worked also in the presence of a large excess of acetic acid and/or inorganic acetates. The acetylation effect was quantified for model papers and original, naturally aged paper samples. While cellulose acetylation was clearly proven to be another general pathway of paper aging, further studies of this acetylation phenomenon are needed with regard to conservational aspects and suitable paper storage conditions.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",
journal = "Carbohydrate Polymers",
title = "Acetylation of cellulose – Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers",
pages = "119323",
volume = "287",
doi = "10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119323"
}

Potthast, A., Ahn, K., Becker, M., Eichinger, T., Kostić, M., Böhmdorfer, S., Jeong, M. J.,& Rosenau, T.. (2022). Acetylation of cellulose – Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers. in Carbohydrate Polymers
Elsevier Ltd., 287, 119323.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119323

Potthast A, Ahn K, Becker M, Eichinger T, Kostić M, Böhmdorfer S, Jeong MJ, Rosenau T. Acetylation of cellulose – Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers. in Carbohydrate Polymers. 2022;287:119323.
doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119323 .

Potthast, Antje, Ahn, Kyujin, Becker, Manuel, Eichinger, Thomas, Kostić, Mirjana, Böhmdorfer, Stefan, Jeong, Myung Joon, Rosenau, Thomas, "Acetylation of cellulose – Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers" in Carbohydrate Polymers, 287 (2022):119323,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119323 . .