Heterogeni prirodni materijali mineralne strukture kao efikasni adsorbenti za uklanjanje Pb2+ jona iz vode

Abstract

Cilj istraživanja ovog rada bio je ispitivanje mogućnosti primene prirodnih nemodifikovanih materijala kao adsorbenata za efikasno uklanjanje Pb2+ jona iz vode. Korišćena su dva materijala čiji sastav čini smeša oksida SiO2, Al2O3 i Fe2O3. Na osnovu teksturne klasifikacije uzoraka, analizirani materijali spadaju u peskovitu ilovaču i ilovasti pesak. U okviru rada izvršena je karakterizacija materijala primenom rendgenske difrakcione analize (engl. X-Ray Difraction, XRD) i infracrvene spektroskopije sa Furijeovom transformacijom (engl. Fourier- Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR). Proces adsorpcije Pb2+ jona na prirodnim materijalima ispitan je u šaržnom sistemu, variranjem mase adsorbenta i pH vrednosti rastvora. Peskovita ilovača i ilovasti pesak pokazali su visoku efikasnost za uklanjanje Pb2+ jona iz vode, bez prethodne hemijske modfikacije. Efikasnost uklanjanja jona olova uz pomoć peskovite ilovače i ilovastog pesaka iznosi 88,2 % i 80,2 %, pri optimalnim uslovima (Ci (Pb2+)=100 μg L-1, mads=10 mg i pH=5). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju i potvrđuju da se prirodni materijali na bazi oksida metala mogu koristiti kao efikasni adsorbenti za uklanjanje katjonskih oblika teških metala iz vode.

The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of using natural unmodified materials as adsorbents for efficient removal of Pb2+ions from aqueous solution. Two raw materials composed of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3, were analyzed. According to the textural classification the tested materials belong to sandy loam and loamy sand. In this research, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for structural characterization of the materials. The process of adsorption of Pb2+ ions onto natural materials was conducted in a batch system. In order to determine optimal conditions, the mass of the adsorbent and the pH value of the solution were varied. Sandy loam and loamy sand have shown high efficiency for removing Pb2+ions from aqueous solution, without previous chemical modification. The efficiency of removal of lead ions on sandy loam and loamy sand is 88.2% and 80.2%, respectively, under optimal conditions (Ci(Pb2+)=100 μg L-1, mads=10 mg and pH 5). This study confirms that natural materials based on metal oxides can be used as effective adsorbents toremove cationic species of heavy metals from water systems.