THE INFLUENCE OF THE GLASS GARDEN EFFECT ON CLIMATE CHANGES

Abstract

The burning of fossil fuels and other human activities in order to clear the land for the needs of agriculture or the construction of settlements, lead to increased emissions by releasing into the atmosphere gases that retain heat within it. The atmosphere, similar to glass, mostly passes the solar radiation, but it is poorly permeable to the radiation of the Earth's surface. Part of the energy that enters the Earth - atmosphere system remains in it and is converted into thermal energy, heating the Earth's surface and the lower layers of the atmosphere and leading to the appearance of the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is the process of the planet Earth warming, caused by the disruption of the energy balance between the amount of radiation that the Earth's surface receives from the Sun and returns to space. Part of the heat radiation, which reaches the Earth's crust, is reflected into the atmosphere and instead of going into space, it is absorbed by some gases in the atmosphere and re-radiated to the Earth. In this way, the temperature of the Earth's surface rises. The gases that contribute the most to this phenomenon are carbon dioxide and methane and they build up in the atmosphere, trapping more and more heat near the Earth's surface thus causing the climate to warm. As a result, there are sudden changes, which lead to the parameters of global warming and climate change becoming unpredictable in the occurrence of frequent hurricanes, floods, cyclones and other weather disasters, melting of ice on the polar caps and glaciers, which cause an increase in the height of the seas and oceans, the impossibility of accurate prediction weather forecasts, etc. Greenhouse gas emissions are critical to understanding and addressing the climate crisis and must be reduced by 2030 to limit global warming to 1.5 °C compared to pre industrial levels by the end of the century.

Sagorevanje fosilnih goriva i drugih ljudskih aktivnosti u cilju raščišćavanja zemljišta za potrebe zemljoradnje ili izgradnje naselja, dovode do povećane emisije, oslobađajući u atmosferu gasove koji zadržavaju toplotu unutar nje. Atmosfera, slično staklu, uglavnom propušta Sunčevo zračenje, ali je slabo propusna za zračenje Zemljine površine. Deo energije koji uđe u sistem Zemlja - atmosfera, ostaje u njemu i pretvara se u toplotnu energiju, zagrevajući Zemljinu površinu i niže slojeve atmosfere i dovodi do pojave efekta staklene bašte. Efekat staklene bašte je proces zagrevanja planete Zemlje koji je nastaje poremećajem energetske ravnoteže između količine zračenja koje Zemljina površina prima od Sunca i vraća u svemir. Deo toplotnog zračenja, koje stiže do Zemljine kore, odbija se u atmosferu i, umesto da ode u svemir, apsorbuju ga neki gasovi i ponovno zrače na Zemlju. Na ovaj način, temperatura Zemljine površine se povišava. Ovom fenomenu najviše diprinose gasovi ugljen-dioksid i metan koji se nagomilavaju u atmosferi, zadržavajući sve više toplote pri Zemljinoj površini, što uzrokuje otopljavanje. Kao posledicu toga, javljaju se nagle promene koje dovode da parametri globalnog zagrevanja i klimatskih promena postaju nepredvidivi u pojavama učestalih uragana, poplava, ciklona i ostalih vremenskih nepogoda, topljenja leda na polarnim kapama i glečerima, što uzrokuje porast visine mora i okeana, nemogućnost tačnog predviđanja vremenske prognoze i sl. Emisije gasova staklene bašte su od ključne važnosti za razumevanje i rešavanje klimatske krize i moraju se smanjiti do 2030. god., kako bi se ograničilo globalno zagrevanje na 1,5 °C u poređenju sa predindustrijskim nivoima do kraja veka.