Immobilized lipases as practical catalysts

Abstract

Attractive features of lipase systems include versatility, substrate selectivity, regioselectivity, enantioselectivity and catalysis at ambient temperatures and pressures. To fully exploit the technical and economical advantages of lipases, it is recommended to use them in an immobilized form to reduce the cost and the poor stability of the free lipase. This paper summarizes various methods of lipases immobilization including covalent attachment to or adsorption on solid supports, encapsulation and entrapment within the membrane and in polymeric matrices. The effects of immobilization conditions on lipase properties and stability of biocatalysts are considered. Applications of immobilized lipases in the feasible reaction system as well as probable future trends in lipase catalyzed process are discussed.

Lipaze su enzimi od velikog potencijalnog praktičnog značaja zbog osobine da selektivno katalizuju veliki broj reakcija pod blagim uslovima i bez primene kofaktora. Savremeni pristup primeni ovih enzima u industrijskim uslovima predstavqa primena imobilisanih enzima, čime se povećava njihova stabilnost i omogućuje primena u kontinualnim sistemima. U radu je dat pregled različitih metoda i nosača za imobilizaciju lipaza uključujući kovalentnu imobilizaciju adsorpciju, mikroinkapsulaciju i zarobljavanje enzima unutar polimerne matrice i u pore membrane, pri čemu je ukazano na prednosti i nedostatke svakog od imobilisanih sistema. Diskutovani su uticaji uslova imobilizacije i prirode nosača na osobine i stabilnost biokatalizatora. Takođe su razmatrane mogućnosti primene imobilisanih lipaza u reakcijama od praktičnog značaja kao i razvoj novih imobilisanih sistema.