Analysis of selected elements in water in the drinking water preparation plants in Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

Belgrade's water supply relies mainly on the River Sava and groundwater supply wells, which are located in the vicinity of the river and Ada Ciganlija. In this paper, the contents of aluminum, boron, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, barium and lead were analyzed in raw water as well as drinking water distributed by the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. A total of 14 samples were examined from all water treatment plants that are part of the distribution system. The measurements were conducted using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique. The aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness of the drinking water preparation process in the plants belonging to the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. The content of certain elements varies considerably in raw water (river and groundwater): the concentration of boron in river water is two to three times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of arsenic in river water is ten to twenty five times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of aluminum in all groundwater samples was below the detection limit of the instrument (0.50 μg/dm3), whilst in the river water the content of aluminum was about 50 μg/dm3 and the concentration of manganese in the river water was up to 10 times lower than the concentrations in groundwater. In all drinking water samples the concentration of the elements were bellow the maximum allowed levels according to the Serbian regulations. Correlation coefficients determined for boron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, barium and lead, which were analyzed in raw waters, show that four groups of elements can be distinguished. Boron, manganese, arsenic and barium are related to each other and probably have a common natural origin; copper and lead probably have a common anthropogenic origin; correlation of nickel and cobalt was observed, while zinc was not in correlation with any other element.

U ovom radu ispitivan je sadržaj aluminijuma, bora, hroma, mangana, kobalta, nikla, bakra, cinka, arsena, kadmijuma, barijuma i olova u sirovoj vodi i vodi za piće koju koristi, odnosno isporučuje potrošačima Javno komunalno preduzeće Beogradski vodovod i kanalizacija. Ispitano je ukupno 14 uzoraka sa svih pogona za pripremu vode koja su u sastavu Beogradskog vodovoda i kanalizacije. Analiza uzoraka je rađena primenom indukovano spregnute plazme sa masenom spektrometrijom. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita efikasnost procesa za pripremu vode za piće koji se primenjuju u pogonima Beogradskog vodovoda i kanalizacije. Iako su koncentracije pojedinih elemenata u sirovoj vodi bile u širokom opsegu vrednosti i znatno se razlikovale u podzemnim i rečnim vodama, u uzorcima vode za piće koncentracije svih ispitivanih elemenata bile su niže od maksimalno dozvoljenih koncentracija propisanih zakonskom regulativom Republike Srbije.