Landfill design in Serbia

Abstract

Waste disposal is an important element of integrated waste management. In order to dispose of waste that is free of environmental risk, the proper design of landfills during their construction and/or closure is necessary. The first section of the paper presents the current state of landfills in Serbia, the second deals with problems in project design of landfills, especially in regard to their: a) program of waste disposal; b) impermeable layer; c) leaching collection and treatment; and d) gas collection and treatment. Analysis shows that many modern landfills in Serbia do not meet environmental protection requirements, therefore, they need reconstruction. All existing landfills owned by municipalities, as well as illegal dump sites, should be adequately closed. This paper presents the guidelines for successful landfill design which are to serve to meet the requirements and recommendations of Serbian and European regulations. Sound design of landfill technological elements should insure full sustainability of landfills in Serbia.

Deponovanje otpada je element integrisanog upravljanja otpadom. Valjano izrađeni projekti izgradnje i/ili zatvaranja deponije osiguravaju bezbedno odlaganje otpada, uz minimalne negativne uticaje na životnu sredinu. U prvom delu rada izvršen je pregled i analiza deponija u Republici Srbiji. U drugom delu rada, u funkciji analize, opisani su značajni elementi tehnološkog projektovanja savremenih deponija koji uključuju: a) program deponovanja, b) obezbeđivanje vodonepropusnosti dna i prekrivnog sloja, c) sakupljanje i tretman procednih voda i d) sakupljanje, tretman i iskorišćenje deponijskog gasa. U radu je konstatovano da postojeće, savremene deponije nisu u potpunosti projektovane u skladu sa propisima, te da je neophodna njihova rekonstrukcija. Takođe, postojeća smetilišta i divlje deponije neophodno je zatvoriti i sanirati. U ovom radu predstavljene su smernice za valjano tehnološko projektovanje deponija koje su u funkciji ispunjavanja zahteva i preporuka nacionalnih i evropskih propisa.