Photochemical processes for removal of carbamate pesticides from water

Abstract

A large number of pesticide active ingredients have been registered and marketed for pest control purposes around the world. Most pesticides, including carbamates are resistant to chemical and natural photochemical degradation, so that developing adequate methods for remediation of contaminated waters is a priority. There are different methods for removing carbamate pesticide residues from water, and photodegradation methods are discussed in this study. According to literature data, the most beneficial photochemical processes for removal of pesticides from water are two well-known Advanced Oxidation Processes: heterogeneous photocatalysis with semiconductor oxides TiO2 and ZnO, and homogeneous photo-Fenton treatment, as well as direct UV photolysis. Photochemical investigations may contribute toward our better understanding of carbamate pesticide behavior in the environment, i.e. more information on the degradation time of active ingredients, their activity and environmental fate can be obtained by studying the kinetics of any photochemical reaction.

U cilju zaštite bilja u svetu je registrovan i u prometu se nalazi veliki broj aktivnih materija pesticida. Većina pesticida, uključujući karbamate je otporna na hemijske i prirodne fotohemijske degradacije i zato je prioritet razvijanje odgovarajućih metoda za prečišćavanje zagađenih voda. Postoje različite metode za odstranjivanje ostataka karbamatnih pesticide iz vode a u ovom radu su razmatrane fotodegradacione metode. Prema literaturnim podacima najkorisniji fotohemijski procesi za uklanjanje pesticide iz vode su dva dobro poznata Viša oksidaciona procesa: heterogena fotokataliza u prisustvu poluprovodnih oksida TiO2 i ZnO, i homogeni foto-Fenton postupak, isto kao i direktna ultraljubičasta fotoliza. Fotohemijska istraživanja doprinose boljem razumevanju ponašanja karbamatnih pesticida u životnoj sredini i puno informacija o vremenu degradacije aktivnih materija, njihovoj aktivnosti i sudbini u životnoj sredini može se dobiti proučavanjem kinetike svake fotohemijske reakcije.