A difficulty of biodiesel synthesis based on alkaline catalysts obviously exists if free fatty acids (FFAs) content in vegetable oil is above 0.5 wt.%. In this study, the ferric sulfate supported on silica (Fe-2(SO4)(3)/SiO2) was synthesized, activated (at different temperature: 120-600 degrees C) and tested for heterogeneous esterification of FFA (oleic acid) present in sunflower oil (5 wt.%). The catalyst samples were characterized by BET, TG/DTG, XRD and FTIR analyses. Obtained results showed that catalyst activated at 500 degrees C for 2 h in air atmosphere gave the maximal conversion of oleic acid (similar to 97%). Repeated use of catalyst without additional catalyst treatment or re-activation indicated that catalyst posses desired stability and activity. A pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was proposed with good agreement between calculated and experimental data.
TY - JOUR
AU - Dokic, Marko
AU - Kesic, Zeljka
AU - Krstić, Jugoslav
AU - Jovanović, Dušan M.
AU - Skala, Dejan
PY - 2012
UR - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5672
AB - A difficulty of biodiesel synthesis based on alkaline catalysts obviously exists if free fatty acids (FFAs) content in vegetable oil is above 0.5 wt.%. In this study, the ferric sulfate supported on silica (Fe-2(SO4)(3)/SiO2) was synthesized, activated (at different temperature: 120-600 degrees C) and tested for heterogeneous esterification of FFA (oleic acid) present in sunflower oil (5 wt.%). The catalyst samples were characterized by BET, TG/DTG, XRD and FTIR analyses. Obtained results showed that catalyst activated at 500 degrees C for 2 h in air atmosphere gave the maximal conversion of oleic acid (similar to 97%). Repeated use of catalyst without additional catalyst treatment or re-activation indicated that catalyst posses desired stability and activity. A pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was proposed with good agreement between calculated and experimental data.
PB - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2 - Fuel
T1 - Decrease of free fatty acid content in vegetable oil using silica supported ferric sulfate catalyst
EP - 602
SP - 595
VL - 97
DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.039
ER -
@article{
author = "Dokic, Marko and Kesic, Zeljka and Krstić, Jugoslav and Jovanović, Dušan M. and Skala, Dejan",
year = "2012",
abstract = "A difficulty of biodiesel synthesis based on alkaline catalysts obviously exists if free fatty acids (FFAs) content in vegetable oil is above 0.5 wt.%. In this study, the ferric sulfate supported on silica (Fe-2(SO4)(3)/SiO2) was synthesized, activated (at different temperature: 120-600 degrees C) and tested for heterogeneous esterification of FFA (oleic acid) present in sunflower oil (5 wt.%). The catalyst samples were characterized by BET, TG/DTG, XRD and FTIR analyses. Obtained results showed that catalyst activated at 500 degrees C for 2 h in air atmosphere gave the maximal conversion of oleic acid (similar to 97%). Repeated use of catalyst without additional catalyst treatment or re-activation indicated that catalyst posses desired stability and activity. A pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was proposed with good agreement between calculated and experimental data.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Fuel",
title = "Decrease of free fatty acid content in vegetable oil using silica supported ferric sulfate catalyst",
pages = "602-595",
volume = "97",
doi = "10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.039"
}
Dokic, M., Kesic, Z., Krstić, J., Jovanović, D. M.,& Skala, D.. (2012). Decrease of free fatty acid content in vegetable oil using silica supported ferric sulfate catalyst. in Fuel
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 97, 595-602.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.039
Dokic M, Kesic Z, Krstić J, Jovanović DM, Skala D. Decrease of free fatty acid content in vegetable oil using silica supported ferric sulfate catalyst. in Fuel. 2012;97:595-602.
doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.039 .
Dokic, Marko, Kesic, Zeljka, Krstić, Jugoslav, Jovanović, Dušan M., Skala, Dejan, "Decrease of free fatty acid content in vegetable oil using silica supported ferric sulfate catalyst" in Fuel, 97 (2012):595-602,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.039 . .
