Renewable energy sources in wireless sensor networks

Abstract

The advances in the technology of cheap and low power consumption microelectronic components have lead to the expansion of wireless technologies in the past two decades. One of the most important shortcomings of all wireless devices, including sensor ones, are limited energy resources. This paper reviews common mechanism of energy harvesting and energy scavenging, which draw power from the environment to feed the energy reserves in wireless sensor networks. They include conversion of the energy of electromagnetic waves, vibrations and heat.

Razvoj jeftinih mikroelektronskih komponenti niske potrošnje uslovio je ekspanziju bežičnih tehnologija u zadnje dve dekade. Jedna od glavnih mana svih bežičnih uređaja, uključujući senzorske, jesu ograničeni energetski resursi. U ovom radu opisani su uobičajeni mehanizmi koji se koriste u „energy harvesting“ i „energy scavenging“ procedurama, kojima se snaga iz okoline koristi za dopunjavanje energetskih rezervi u bežičnim senzorskim mrežama. Oni uključuju konverziju energije elektromagnetskih talasa, vibracija i toplote.