TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Lukić, Ivana
AU  - Krgović, Nemanja
AU  - Tadić, Vanja
AU  - Radovanović, Željko
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2024-04
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7140
AB  - The study aimed toward the development of biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric films (starch-chitosan and starch-chitosan-cyclodextrin) with biologically valuable green tea leaf extract using an environmentally friendly integrated process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI). The SFE-SSI process parameters were selected through the initial estimation of the SFE parameters effect (temperatures 35 and 70 °C and the addition of co-solvents ethanol, ethanol/water, and water). The present early-stage work showed that an increase in temperature increased extraction yield (from 0.9 to 4.2%) and caffeine content while it decreased polyphenolic and pigment content as well as antioxidant activity and extract loading onto films (from 7.1 to 0.1%). The addition of co-solvents to sc-CO2 had an adverse effect on extract yield, composition, and loading. The highest recorded total phenolic, flavonoid, chlorophyll A, and caffeine content in extracts were 136.5 mg GE/g, 22.7 mg RE/g, 8.1 mg/g, and 460.0 mg/g, respectively.
PB  - Elsevier B.V.
T2  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
T1  - Selection of processing parameters for the integrated supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and extract impregnation onto starch-chitosan based films
SP  - 106163
VL  - 206
DO  - 10.1016/j.supflu.2023.106163
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Lukić, Ivana and Krgović, Nemanja and Tadić, Vanja and Radovanović, Željko and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2024-04",
abstract = "The study aimed toward the development of biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric films (starch-chitosan and starch-chitosan-cyclodextrin) with biologically valuable green tea leaf extract using an environmentally friendly integrated process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI). The SFE-SSI process parameters were selected through the initial estimation of the SFE parameters effect (temperatures 35 and 70 °C and the addition of co-solvents ethanol, ethanol/water, and water). The present early-stage work showed that an increase in temperature increased extraction yield (from 0.9 to 4.2%) and caffeine content while it decreased polyphenolic and pigment content as well as antioxidant activity and extract loading onto films (from 7.1 to 0.1%). The addition of co-solvents to sc-CO2 had an adverse effect on extract yield, composition, and loading. The highest recorded total phenolic, flavonoid, chlorophyll A, and caffeine content in extracts were 136.5 mg GE/g, 22.7 mg RE/g, 8.1 mg/g, and 460.0 mg/g, respectively.",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
journal = "Journal of Supercritical Fluids",
title = "Selection of processing parameters for the integrated supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and extract impregnation onto starch-chitosan based films",
pages = "106163",
volume = "206",
doi = "10.1016/j.supflu.2023.106163"
}

Milovanović, S., Lukić, I., Krgović, N., Tadić, V., Radovanović, Ž., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2024-04). Selection of processing parameters for the integrated supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and extract impregnation onto starch-chitosan based films. in Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Elsevier B.V.., 206, 106163.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2023.106163

Milovanović S, Lukić I, Krgović N, Tadić V, Radovanović Ž, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Selection of processing parameters for the integrated supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and extract impregnation onto starch-chitosan based films. in Journal of Supercritical Fluids. 2024;206:106163.
doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2023.106163 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Lukić, Ivana, Krgović, Nemanja, Tadić, Vanja, Radovanović, Željko, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Selection of processing parameters for the integrated supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and extract impregnation onto starch-chitosan based films" in Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 206 (2024-04):106163,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2023.106163 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Lukić, Ivana
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Krgović, Nemanja
AU  - Tadić, Vanja
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6907
AB  - Green tea is considered to be a plant with a variety of health benefits due to its antioxidative, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity. Besides the most important bioactive constituents, including
polyphenols, especially catechins, and flavonoids, green tea is rich in caffeine, and such complex composition
makes its extract suitable as a component of active food packaging or skin care systems [1,2]. The
technologies commonly proposed to obtain such materials involve some limitations, mainly related to the use
of liquid organic solvents that lead to low penetration of the active compound into the polymeric platform and,
consequently, limited loading efficiencies, non-unique dispersion, and solvent residue in the final material. An
excellent technique for direct loading of natural bioactive compounds from plant materials into polymeric
carriers that can overcome the aforementioned challenges is an integrated process accomplished by merging
supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI). Therefore, in this study, the
preparation of two types of polymer films and their functionalization with green tea leaf extract using the SFESSI
process was tested.
Starch/chitosan (SC) films were prepared by mixing the 1% chitosan solution with the 1% starch solution in a
mass ratio of 1:1, while starch/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (SCCD) films were prepared by addition of 1% β-
cyclodextrin to starch and chitosan to obtain the ratio of 1:1:1. After solvent casting and drying at room
temperature, the films were additionally dried in an oven overnight at 35 °C. Initially, supercritical CO2
(scCO2) extraction was investigated as a method for isolating the extract from green tea at temperatures of 35
and 70 °C and pressure of 30 MPa, with and without the ethanol as a co-solvent. The obtained extraction yields
ranged from 0.91 to 4.22%, being the highest at a higher temperature. The chemical composition of the
obtained extracts was determined, as well as the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC),
total chlorophyll, and total carotenoid content. HPLC analysis revealed that caffeine was the major constituent
of all extracts with the amount ranging from 24.1 to 202.9 mg/g. The IC50 values determined using the DPPH
assay showed that the extract obtained at 35 °C with the addition of ethanol exhibited the strongest antioxidant
activity. After determining the SFE conditions that gave the green tea extract with high content of bioactive
compounds, prepared films were impregnated using the integrated SFE-SSI process for 4 h at the same
conditions as scCO2 extraction. The loading of green tea extracts onto films was up to 7.7% showing that lower
temperature (35 °C) and the addition of ethanol had a favourable influence. The presence of the extract on the
surface of impregnated samples was confirmed by FTIR analysis.
PB  - Budapest : University of Technology and Economics
C3  - Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
T1  - Selection of process conditions for the integrated process of supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and impregnation onto polymer films
SP  - 124
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6907
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Lukić, Ivana and Milovanović, Stoja and Krgović, Nemanja and Tadić, Vanja and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Green tea is considered to be a plant with a variety of health benefits due to its antioxidative, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activity. Besides the most important bioactive constituents, including
polyphenols, especially catechins, and flavonoids, green tea is rich in caffeine, and such complex composition
makes its extract suitable as a component of active food packaging or skin care systems [1,2]. The
technologies commonly proposed to obtain such materials involve some limitations, mainly related to the use
of liquid organic solvents that lead to low penetration of the active compound into the polymeric platform and,
consequently, limited loading efficiencies, non-unique dispersion, and solvent residue in the final material. An
excellent technique for direct loading of natural bioactive compounds from plant materials into polymeric
carriers that can overcome the aforementioned challenges is an integrated process accomplished by merging
supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI). Therefore, in this study, the
preparation of two types of polymer films and their functionalization with green tea leaf extract using the SFESSI
process was tested.
Starch/chitosan (SC) films were prepared by mixing the 1% chitosan solution with the 1% starch solution in a
mass ratio of 1:1, while starch/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (SCCD) films were prepared by addition of 1% β-
cyclodextrin to starch and chitosan to obtain the ratio of 1:1:1. After solvent casting and drying at room
temperature, the films were additionally dried in an oven overnight at 35 °C. Initially, supercritical CO2
(scCO2) extraction was investigated as a method for isolating the extract from green tea at temperatures of 35
and 70 °C and pressure of 30 MPa, with and without the ethanol as a co-solvent. The obtained extraction yields
ranged from 0.91 to 4.22%, being the highest at a higher temperature. The chemical composition of the
obtained extracts was determined, as well as the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC),
total chlorophyll, and total carotenoid content. HPLC analysis revealed that caffeine was the major constituent
of all extracts with the amount ranging from 24.1 to 202.9 mg/g. The IC50 values determined using the DPPH
assay showed that the extract obtained at 35 °C with the addition of ethanol exhibited the strongest antioxidant
activity. After determining the SFE conditions that gave the green tea extract with high content of bioactive
compounds, prepared films were impregnated using the integrated SFE-SSI process for 4 h at the same
conditions as scCO2 extraction. The loading of green tea extracts onto films was up to 7.7% showing that lower
temperature (35 °C) and the addition of ethanol had a favourable influence. The presence of the extract on the
surface of impregnated samples was confirmed by FTIR analysis.",
publisher = "Budapest : University of Technology and Economics",
journal = "Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023",
title = "Selection of process conditions for the integrated process of supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and impregnation onto polymer films",
pages = "124",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6907"
}

Lukić, I., Milovanović, S., Krgović, N., Tadić, V., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). Selection of process conditions for the integrated process of supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and impregnation onto polymer films. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
Budapest : University of Technology and Economics., 124.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6907

Lukić I, Milovanović S, Krgović N, Tadić V, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Selection of process conditions for the integrated process of supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and impregnation onto polymer films. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023. 2023;:124.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6907 .

Lukić, Ivana, Milovanović, Stoja, Krgović, Nemanja, Tadić, Vanja, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Selection of process conditions for the integrated process of supercritical CO2 extraction from green tea leaves and impregnation onto polymer films" in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023 (2023):124,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6907 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka
AU  - Świątek, Łukasz
AU  - Boguszewska, Anastazja
AU  - Kowalski, Rafał
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6713
AB  - Dandelion is a sustainable biomass that has occasional use in the food and pharmaceutical industry. However, commercial use of its extracts is restricted by the lack of systematic information on safety, composition, and biological activity. To broaden dandelion use, the present study brings new knowledge on extracts from dandelion seeds that could find application as safe and functional food ingredients. The employed two-step supercritical fluid extraction process, followed by the conventional extraction, enabled the separation of extracts with increased content of phenolics, tocopherols, and essential fatty acids. Those compounds were found to be the major components of dandelion extracts, reaching high values up to 799 mg GE/g, 249 mg α-TE/g, and 75%, respectively. The extracts also contained significant amounts of flavonoids (up to 20.5 mg QE/g) and pigments (chlorophyll A up to 1.0 g/kg, chlorophyll B up to 0.3 g/kg, and carotenoids up to 0.1 g/kg). This study revealed new bioproducts that express strong antioxidant (reaching IC50 values up to 132.5 μg/mL) and antimicrobial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentrations up to 80.0 μg/mL). Among the tested 23 microbial strains, the extracts exhibited the strongest activity against food-borne pathogens Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis. Furthermore, the antitumor and antiviral activity of separated dandelion biological products was evaluated.
PB  - Institution of Chemical Engineers
T2  - Food and Bioproducts Processing
T1  - Phenolic, tocopherol, and essential fatty acid-rich extracts from dandelion seeds: Chemical composition and biological activity
EP  - 81
SP  - 70
VL  - 142
DO  - 10.1016/j.fbp.2023.09.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka and Świątek, Łukasz and Boguszewska, Anastazja and Kowalski, Rafał and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Dandelion is a sustainable biomass that has occasional use in the food and pharmaceutical industry. However, commercial use of its extracts is restricted by the lack of systematic information on safety, composition, and biological activity. To broaden dandelion use, the present study brings new knowledge on extracts from dandelion seeds that could find application as safe and functional food ingredients. The employed two-step supercritical fluid extraction process, followed by the conventional extraction, enabled the separation of extracts with increased content of phenolics, tocopherols, and essential fatty acids. Those compounds were found to be the major components of dandelion extracts, reaching high values up to 799 mg GE/g, 249 mg α-TE/g, and 75%, respectively. The extracts also contained significant amounts of flavonoids (up to 20.5 mg QE/g) and pigments (chlorophyll A up to 1.0 g/kg, chlorophyll B up to 0.3 g/kg, and carotenoids up to 0.1 g/kg). This study revealed new bioproducts that express strong antioxidant (reaching IC50 values up to 132.5 μg/mL) and antimicrobial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentrations up to 80.0 μg/mL). Among the tested 23 microbial strains, the extracts exhibited the strongest activity against food-borne pathogens Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis. Furthermore, the antitumor and antiviral activity of separated dandelion biological products was evaluated.",
publisher = "Institution of Chemical Engineers",
journal = "Food and Bioproducts Processing",
title = "Phenolic, tocopherol, and essential fatty acid-rich extracts from dandelion seeds: Chemical composition and biological activity",
pages = "81-70",
volume = "142",
doi = "10.1016/j.fbp.2023.09.005"
}

Milovanović, S., Grzegorczyk, A., Świątek, Ł., Boguszewska, A., Kowalski, R., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). Phenolic, tocopherol, and essential fatty acid-rich extracts from dandelion seeds: Chemical composition and biological activity. in Food and Bioproducts Processing
Institution of Chemical Engineers., 142, 70-81.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2023.09.005

Milovanović S, Grzegorczyk A, Świątek Ł, Boguszewska A, Kowalski R, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Phenolic, tocopherol, and essential fatty acid-rich extracts from dandelion seeds: Chemical composition and biological activity. in Food and Bioproducts Processing. 2023;142:70-81.
doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2023.09.005 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka, Świątek, Łukasz, Boguszewska, Anastazja, Kowalski, Rafał, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Phenolic, tocopherol, and essential fatty acid-rich extracts from dandelion seeds: Chemical composition and biological activity" in Food and Bioproducts Processing, 142 (2023):70-81,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2023.09.005 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka
AU  - Świątek, Łukasz
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6894
AB  - The main aim of this study was to evaluate chamomile seeds as a new source of valuable bioactive compounds. For this purpose, a green extraction technique was employed with supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) as a solvent and ethanol as a co-solvent. The extracts from chamomile seeds with an average particle size of 0.20 mm were extracted at pressures of 30 and 45 MPa and temperatures of 40 and 60 °C. The composition of extracts was investigated by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical method as well as Folin−Ciocalteu assay (for total phenolic content) and total flavonoid content test. The antioxidant activity of obtained chamomile extracts was evaluated using DPPH radical. The antimicrobial effect of extracts was tested on yeasts, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacteria while the cytotoxic effect was evaluated on normal and cancer cells. The extraction process parameters were evaluated and results showed a significant effect of operating pressure, temperature, and the addition of co-solvent on the amount of separated chamomile extract and its composition. The extraction yield ranged from 2.1 to 5.4% and extracts contained high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. The addition of ethanol as a co-solvent (40 w/w%) had a slight influence on total phenolic and flavonoid contents increasing their values from 29.1 to 31.5 mg GAE/g and from 2.1 to 4.2 mg QE/g, respectively. The obtained supercritical chamomile extracts showed antioxidant activity achieving values of IC50 around 10 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was most pronounced against Bacillus subtilis. Extracts did not show cytotoxic activity against normal cells. Overall, results indicated a significant potential of extracts from chamomile seeds, produced in an environmentally friendly manner, to be used as a functional food or phytopharmaceuticals.
PB  - Valladolid : The lnstitute of Bioeconomy of University of Valladolid
C3  - Book of abstracts / 2nd Greenering International Conference, 21–23th March 2023, Valladolid, Spain
T1  - The separation of biologically active extracts from chamomile seeds
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6894
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka and Świątek, Łukasz and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The main aim of this study was to evaluate chamomile seeds as a new source of valuable bioactive compounds. For this purpose, a green extraction technique was employed with supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) as a solvent and ethanol as a co-solvent. The extracts from chamomile seeds with an average particle size of 0.20 mm were extracted at pressures of 30 and 45 MPa and temperatures of 40 and 60 °C. The composition of extracts was investigated by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical method as well as Folin−Ciocalteu assay (for total phenolic content) and total flavonoid content test. The antioxidant activity of obtained chamomile extracts was evaluated using DPPH radical. The antimicrobial effect of extracts was tested on yeasts, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacteria while the cytotoxic effect was evaluated on normal and cancer cells. The extraction process parameters were evaluated and results showed a significant effect of operating pressure, temperature, and the addition of co-solvent on the amount of separated chamomile extract and its composition. The extraction yield ranged from 2.1 to 5.4% and extracts contained high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. The addition of ethanol as a co-solvent (40 w/w%) had a slight influence on total phenolic and flavonoid contents increasing their values from 29.1 to 31.5 mg GAE/g and from 2.1 to 4.2 mg QE/g, respectively. The obtained supercritical chamomile extracts showed antioxidant activity achieving values of IC50 around 10 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was most pronounced against Bacillus subtilis. Extracts did not show cytotoxic activity against normal cells. Overall, results indicated a significant potential of extracts from chamomile seeds, produced in an environmentally friendly manner, to be used as a functional food or phytopharmaceuticals.",
publisher = "Valladolid : The lnstitute of Bioeconomy of University of Valladolid",
journal = "Book of abstracts / 2nd Greenering International Conference, 21–23th March 2023, Valladolid, Spain",
title = "The separation of biologically active extracts from chamomile seeds",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6894"
}

Milovanović, S., Grzegorczyk, A., Świątek, Ł., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). The separation of biologically active extracts from chamomile seeds. in Book of abstracts / 2nd Greenering International Conference, 21–23th March 2023, Valladolid, Spain
Valladolid : The lnstitute of Bioeconomy of University of Valladolid..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6894

Milovanović S, Grzegorczyk A, Świątek Ł, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. The separation of biologically active extracts from chamomile seeds. in Book of abstracts / 2nd Greenering International Conference, 21–23th March 2023, Valladolid, Spain. 2023;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6894 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka, Świątek, Łukasz, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "The separation of biologically active extracts from chamomile seeds" in Book of abstracts / 2nd Greenering International Conference, 21–23th March 2023, Valladolid, Spain (2023),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6894 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stamenić, Marko
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Kowalski, Rafał
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6908
AB  - Investigations of the process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) from dandelion were so far mainly
focused on extractions from herb, leaves and root [1-3]. In the work presented here, the extraction process
from seeds was investigated on a laboratory and semi-industrial scale equipment. The milled plant material
with an average particle size of 0.41 ± 0.02 mm was used in all experiments. All SFEs were conducted with
carbon-dioxide in supercritical state (SCCO2) as a solvent on pressure of 450 bar and temperature of 60°C, as
these parameters were previously shown to be optimal for obtaining high-value extracts from dandelion
seeds [4]. Experiments were conducted on laboratory (dia.=7.7 cm, vol=0.56 l, CO2 flow=11 kg/h) and semiindustrial
(dia.=23.5 cm, vol.=397 l, CO2 flow=240 kg/h) scale equipment. On both scales several
experiments were conducted with initial mass of the plant material (Ms) being the only variable parameter:
laboratory scale Ms=26–104 g; semi-industrial scale Ms=2.2–8.8 kg. Fractions of extract were collected
during the extractions in order to obtain data on the kinetics of the SFE processes.
The results of the performed
experiments are depicted in Figure 1.
It can be seen that for both scales the
rate of SFE, as well as the final yield,
increases with increase of the mass
of plant material, indicating that with
the selected conditions, namely
flowrate of CO2, the residence time
was not long enough to allow
saturation of the CO2 in the first part
of the process, nor to enable
extraction of all available extract.
Similar trends on both scales can be
perceived as a good basis for further
investigations aiming at scale-up of the process of SFE from dandelion seeds. Experiments with larger
packed bed height, which would enable higher residence times, should be conducted in order to achieve
saturation at least in the first part of the SFE process. Mathematical models of the SFE process, supported by
models for estimation of the kinetic parameters, should be applied to gain full insight into the
phenomenology of the SFE process.
PB  - Budapest : University of Technology and Economics
C3  - Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
T1  - Supercritical fluid extraction from dandelion seeds
SP  - 136
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6908
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stamenić, Marko and Milovanović, Stoja and Kowalski, Rafał and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Investigations of the process of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) from dandelion were so far mainly
focused on extractions from herb, leaves and root [1-3]. In the work presented here, the extraction process
from seeds was investigated on a laboratory and semi-industrial scale equipment. The milled plant material
with an average particle size of 0.41 ± 0.02 mm was used in all experiments. All SFEs were conducted with
carbon-dioxide in supercritical state (SCCO2) as a solvent on pressure of 450 bar and temperature of 60°C, as
these parameters were previously shown to be optimal for obtaining high-value extracts from dandelion
seeds [4]. Experiments were conducted on laboratory (dia.=7.7 cm, vol=0.56 l, CO2 flow=11 kg/h) and semiindustrial
(dia.=23.5 cm, vol.=397 l, CO2 flow=240 kg/h) scale equipment. On both scales several
experiments were conducted with initial mass of the plant material (Ms) being the only variable parameter:
laboratory scale Ms=26–104 g; semi-industrial scale Ms=2.2–8.8 kg. Fractions of extract were collected
during the extractions in order to obtain data on the kinetics of the SFE processes.
The results of the performed
experiments are depicted in Figure 1.
It can be seen that for both scales the
rate of SFE, as well as the final yield,
increases with increase of the mass
of plant material, indicating that with
the selected conditions, namely
flowrate of CO2, the residence time
was not long enough to allow
saturation of the CO2 in the first part
of the process, nor to enable
extraction of all available extract.
Similar trends on both scales can be
perceived as a good basis for further
investigations aiming at scale-up of the process of SFE from dandelion seeds. Experiments with larger
packed bed height, which would enable higher residence times, should be conducted in order to achieve
saturation at least in the first part of the SFE process. Mathematical models of the SFE process, supported by
models for estimation of the kinetic parameters, should be applied to gain full insight into the
phenomenology of the SFE process.",
publisher = "Budapest : University of Technology and Economics",
journal = "Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023",
title = "Supercritical fluid extraction from dandelion seeds",
pages = "136",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6908"
}

Stamenić, M., Milovanović, S., Kowalski, R., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). Supercritical fluid extraction from dandelion seeds. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
Budapest : University of Technology and Economics., 136.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6908

Stamenić M, Milovanović S, Kowalski R, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Supercritical fluid extraction from dandelion seeds. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023. 2023;:136.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6908 .

Stamenić, Marko, Milovanović, Stoja, Kowalski, Rafał, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Supercritical fluid extraction from dandelion seeds" in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023 (2023):136,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6908 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6906
AB  - Interest in the separation of green tea extracts continues to grow due to its significant bioactivity, wide
applicability as well as a large number of green tea spices, variety of extraction techniques, and lack of
systematic data. The present early stage work was intended to estimate the effect of temperature and co-solvent
addition on an amount of separated constituents from green tea (gunpowder tea variety, China) during the
supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) extraction process.
For this purpose, the temperature of the supercritical extraction process was increased up to 90 °C at a constant
pressure of 30 MPa. After the selection of appropriate conditions, co-solvents (ethanol, ethanol/water, and
water) were added to sc-CO2. Obtained extracts were analyzed regarding total phenolic content (TPC), total
flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoid content.
The results of the supercritical extraction process were compared with the conventional extraction process
(extraction using Soxhlet apparatus).
The results showed that a linear decrease in the density of neat sc-CO2 led to a linear increase in extraction
yields up to 5.5%. The addition of co-solvents had a variable effect on the amount of separated extracts. While
it increased extraction yields at a lower temperature, it decreased extraction yields at a higher temperature.
An increase in temperature for the extraction process with neat sc-
CO2 also decreased TPC, TFC, chlorophylls, and carotenoids
content. The addition of co-solvents to sc-CO2 increased amounts
of tested compounds in obtained extracts. It was interesting to
notice a decrease in the amount of tested compounds with an
increase in water content during extractions. The highest values of
TPC and TFC detected were 136.5 mg GAE/g and 40.7 mg QE/g,
respectively. Extract solutions with a concentration of 20 mg/mL
inhibited up to 65% of DPPH radical. Chlorophyll A, chlorophyll
B, and carotenoids were detected in amounts up to 8.1 g/kg,
0.7 g/kg, and 0.5 g/kg of dry extract, respectively. Extracts
obtained by conventional extraction contained higher amounts of
TPC and TFC. On the other hand, those extracts contained lower
amounts of total chlorophylls and carotenoids.
Although supercritical extraction processes from green tea leaves have been performed for decades and its
industrial application is present, there are still many unknowns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first
report in available literature on chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in supercritical extracts from green tea.
Also tested process parameters enabled the achievement of higher yields (for neat sc-CO2) as well as higher
TPC compared with previously reported ones for green tea supercritical extracts. Chemical analysis of obtained
extracts is pending.
PB  - Budapest : University of Technology and Economics
C3  - Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
T1  - Influence of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process temperature and co-solvent addition on the quality of green tea leaves extracts
SP  - 123
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6906
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Interest in the separation of green tea extracts continues to grow due to its significant bioactivity, wide
applicability as well as a large number of green tea spices, variety of extraction techniques, and lack of
systematic data. The present early stage work was intended to estimate the effect of temperature and co-solvent
addition on an amount of separated constituents from green tea (gunpowder tea variety, China) during the
supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) extraction process.
For this purpose, the temperature of the supercritical extraction process was increased up to 90 °C at a constant
pressure of 30 MPa. After the selection of appropriate conditions, co-solvents (ethanol, ethanol/water, and
water) were added to sc-CO2. Obtained extracts were analyzed regarding total phenolic content (TPC), total
flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoid content.
The results of the supercritical extraction process were compared with the conventional extraction process
(extraction using Soxhlet apparatus).
The results showed that a linear decrease in the density of neat sc-CO2 led to a linear increase in extraction
yields up to 5.5%. The addition of co-solvents had a variable effect on the amount of separated extracts. While
it increased extraction yields at a lower temperature, it decreased extraction yields at a higher temperature.
An increase in temperature for the extraction process with neat sc-
CO2 also decreased TPC, TFC, chlorophylls, and carotenoids
content. The addition of co-solvents to sc-CO2 increased amounts
of tested compounds in obtained extracts. It was interesting to
notice a decrease in the amount of tested compounds with an
increase in water content during extractions. The highest values of
TPC and TFC detected were 136.5 mg GAE/g and 40.7 mg QE/g,
respectively. Extract solutions with a concentration of 20 mg/mL
inhibited up to 65% of DPPH radical. Chlorophyll A, chlorophyll
B, and carotenoids were detected in amounts up to 8.1 g/kg,
0.7 g/kg, and 0.5 g/kg of dry extract, respectively. Extracts
obtained by conventional extraction contained higher amounts of
TPC and TFC. On the other hand, those extracts contained lower
amounts of total chlorophylls and carotenoids.
Although supercritical extraction processes from green tea leaves have been performed for decades and its
industrial application is present, there are still many unknowns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first
report in available literature on chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in supercritical extracts from green tea.
Also tested process parameters enabled the achievement of higher yields (for neat sc-CO2) as well as higher
TPC compared with previously reported ones for green tea supercritical extracts. Chemical analysis of obtained
extracts is pending.",
publisher = "Budapest : University of Technology and Economics",
journal = "Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023",
title = "Influence of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process temperature and co-solvent addition on the quality of green tea leaves extracts",
pages = "123",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6906"
}

Milovanović, S., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2023). Influence of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process temperature and co-solvent addition on the quality of green tea leaves extracts. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023
Budapest : University of Technology and Economics., 123.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6906

Milovanović S, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Influence of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process temperature and co-solvent addition on the quality of green tea leaves extracts. in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023. 2023;:123.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6906 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Influence of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process temperature and co-solvent addition on the quality of green tea leaves extracts" in Book of Abstract / 19th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids, Budapest, Hungary, 21-24 May 2023 (2023):123,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6906 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6904
AB  - Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is becoming an industry valuable crop due to the increase in its
utilization in the food and phytopharmaceutical industry. Nonetheless, its application is still limited
especially considering its extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring dandelion seeds as
a source of bioactive compounds. For this purpose, an environmentally friendly supercritical CO2
extraction technique was employed and extracts were separated at pressures of 10-45 MPa and a
temperature of 313 K. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped
with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CGFID),
as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. It was shown
that the selection of process pressure determined both extract yield and extract composition. An
increase in pressure increased extraction yield from 7.4 to 25.2% and the content of dominant linoleic
and oleic fatty acids (from 536.3 to 658.3 mg/g and 125.8 to 161.7 mg/g, respectively). Total phenolic
and flavonoid content in obtained extracts ranged from 5.5 to 9.0 mg GAE/g and from 208.6 to 497.5
mg QE/g, respectively. The strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity with inhibition of 64.4% was
recorded for extract obtained at 10 MPa for extract solution concentration of 20 mg/mL. Obtained
results confirmed that extracts obtained from dandelion seeds are a valuable source of bioactive
compounds.
PB  - Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology
C3  - Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022
T1  - SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION
SP  - 101
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is becoming an industry valuable crop due to the increase in its
utilization in the food and phytopharmaceutical industry. Nonetheless, its application is still limited
especially considering its extracts. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring dandelion seeds as
a source of bioactive compounds. For this purpose, an environmentally friendly supercritical CO2
extraction technique was employed and extracts were separated at pressures of 10-45 MPa and a
temperature of 313 K. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped
with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CGFID),
as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer. It was shown
that the selection of process pressure determined both extract yield and extract composition. An
increase in pressure increased extraction yield from 7.4 to 25.2% and the content of dominant linoleic
and oleic fatty acids (from 536.3 to 658.3 mg/g and 125.8 to 161.7 mg/g, respectively). Total phenolic
and flavonoid content in obtained extracts ranged from 5.5 to 9.0 mg GAE/g and from 208.6 to 497.5
mg QE/g, respectively. The strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity with inhibition of 64.4% was
recorded for extract obtained at 10 MPa for extract solution concentration of 20 mg/mL. Obtained
results confirmed that extracts obtained from dandelion seeds are a valuable source of bioactive
compounds.",
publisher = "Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology",
journal = "Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022",
title = "SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION",
pages = "101",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904"
}

Milovanović, S., Dębczak, A., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION. in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022
Zagreb : University, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology., 101.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904

Milovanović S, Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION. in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022. 2022;:101.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION FROM DANDELION: THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON EXTRACTS YIELD AND COMPOSITION" in Book of Abstracts / 4th Natural resources, green technology and sustainable development/ 4- GREEN2022, Zagreb, 14th - 16th September 2022 (2022):101,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6904 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lukić, Ivana
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Pantić, Milica
AU  - Srbljak, Ivana
AU  - Djurić, Ana
AU  - Tadić, Vanja
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5093
AB  - Extracts from Silybum marianum seeds have high industrial potential due to their application as phytopharmaceuticals and food. In order to optimize its production, conventional extraction (in Soxhlet apparatus using solvents ethanol and n-hexane) and supercritical fluid extraction (using CO2 at the pressure of 30 MPa and temperature of 40 °C with and without co-solvent ethanol, from oil-rich and defatted seeds) were compared. In addition, the effect of plant cultivation (years 2011 and 2019) and the effect of seeds and extract storage on the yield and quality of extracts were assessed. It was shown that unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and oleic acids being most dominant) constituted 64–87% of obtained extracts. Content of α-tocopherol varied from 0.01 to 13 g/100 g, while total phenolic content was in the range from 13.2 to 104.2 gGAE/100 gextract. In vitro cytotoxic activity analysis confirmed that extracts obtained from defatted seeds showed activity against cancer cells. This study pointed out the important role of the cultivation year, selection of extraction technique and solvent, as well as storage on the extraction yield, chemical profile, and cytotoxic activity of extracts.
PB  - Academic Press
T2  - LWT
T1  - Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity
SP  - 113319
VL  - 160
DO  - 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Lukić, Ivana and Milovanović, Stoja and Pantić, Milica and Srbljak, Ivana and Djurić, Ana and Tadić, Vanja and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Extracts from Silybum marianum seeds have high industrial potential due to their application as phytopharmaceuticals and food. In order to optimize its production, conventional extraction (in Soxhlet apparatus using solvents ethanol and n-hexane) and supercritical fluid extraction (using CO2 at the pressure of 30 MPa and temperature of 40 °C with and without co-solvent ethanol, from oil-rich and defatted seeds) were compared. In addition, the effect of plant cultivation (years 2011 and 2019) and the effect of seeds and extract storage on the yield and quality of extracts were assessed. It was shown that unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and oleic acids being most dominant) constituted 64–87% of obtained extracts. Content of α-tocopherol varied from 0.01 to 13 g/100 g, while total phenolic content was in the range from 13.2 to 104.2 gGAE/100 gextract. In vitro cytotoxic activity analysis confirmed that extracts obtained from defatted seeds showed activity against cancer cells. This study pointed out the important role of the cultivation year, selection of extraction technique and solvent, as well as storage on the extraction yield, chemical profile, and cytotoxic activity of extracts.",
publisher = "Academic Press",
journal = "LWT",
title = "Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity",
pages = "113319",
volume = "160",
doi = "10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319"
}

Lukić, I., Milovanović, S., Pantić, M., Srbljak, I., Djurić, A., Tadić, V.,& Tyśkiewicz, K.. (2022). Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity. in LWT
Academic Press., 160, 113319.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319

Lukić I, Milovanović S, Pantić M, Srbljak I, Djurić A, Tadić V, Tyśkiewicz K. Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity. in LWT. 2022;160:113319.
doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319 .

Lukić, Ivana, Milovanović, Stoja, Pantić, Milica, Srbljak, Ivana, Djurić, Ana, Tadić, Vanja, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, "Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity" in LWT, 160 (2022):113319,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Lukić, Ivana
AU  - Stamenić, Marko
AU  - Kamiński, Piotr
AU  - Florkowski, Grzegorz
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5175
AB  - The present study was focused on improving the supercritical fluid extraction process dedicated to the recovery of highly valuable extract from Silybum marianum seeds. At first, the process was tested using supercritical CO2 at temperatures of 40 and 80 °C and pressures ranging from 100 to 300 bar. Obtained values were described using two literature models with acceptable agreement of experimental and calculated data. Further, the effect of the equipment design and process scale-up was investigated in four high-pressure units having volumes in the range from 280 mL to 40 L resulting in extraction yields up to 26 %. Based on the values of the parameters determined at the laboratory scale, the extraction process was successfully transferred to a semi-industrial scale. Finally, estimated costs for supercritical extract production in Poland for the year 2021 using a 1000 L high-pressure unit amounted to the price of 35.9 EUR per kg of extract.
PB  - Elsevier B.V.
T2  - Journal of Supercritical Fluids
T1  - The effect of equipment design and process scale-up on supercritical CO2 extraction: Case study for Silybum marianum seeds
SP  - 105676
VL  - 188
DO  - 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105676
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Lukić, Ivana and Stamenić, Marko and Kamiński, Piotr and Florkowski, Grzegorz and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The present study was focused on improving the supercritical fluid extraction process dedicated to the recovery of highly valuable extract from Silybum marianum seeds. At first, the process was tested using supercritical CO2 at temperatures of 40 and 80 °C and pressures ranging from 100 to 300 bar. Obtained values were described using two literature models with acceptable agreement of experimental and calculated data. Further, the effect of the equipment design and process scale-up was investigated in four high-pressure units having volumes in the range from 280 mL to 40 L resulting in extraction yields up to 26 %. Based on the values of the parameters determined at the laboratory scale, the extraction process was successfully transferred to a semi-industrial scale. Finally, estimated costs for supercritical extract production in Poland for the year 2021 using a 1000 L high-pressure unit amounted to the price of 35.9 EUR per kg of extract.",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
journal = "Journal of Supercritical Fluids",
title = "The effect of equipment design and process scale-up on supercritical CO2 extraction: Case study for Silybum marianum seeds",
pages = "105676",
volume = "188",
doi = "10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105676"
}

Milovanović, S., Lukić, I., Stamenić, M., Kamiński, P., Florkowski, G., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). The effect of equipment design and process scale-up on supercritical CO2 extraction: Case study for Silybum marianum seeds. in Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Elsevier B.V.., 188, 105676.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105676

Milovanović S, Lukić I, Stamenić M, Kamiński P, Florkowski G, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. The effect of equipment design and process scale-up on supercritical CO2 extraction: Case study for Silybum marianum seeds. in Journal of Supercritical Fluids. 2022;188:105676.
doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105676 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Lukić, Ivana, Stamenić, Marko, Kamiński, Piotr, Florkowski, Grzegorz, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "The effect of equipment design and process scale-up on supercritical CO2 extraction: Case study for Silybum marianum seeds" in Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 188 (2022):105676,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105676 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Kamiński, Piotr
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Klimkowska, Kamila
AU  - Florkowski, Grzegorz
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6901
AB  - Milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine from ancient times mostly for treatment of liver disorders [1,2]. Nowadays it is an industrially valuable crop for preparation of herbal supplements reaching total sales of 16 million USD in the USA market [2]. The separation of valuable bioactive compounds from plant materials can be performed by several methods using organic and inorganic solvents. Nevertheless, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that employs CO2 is considered a green alternative to other conventional extraction methods. In order to be economically viable, the SFE process should be optimized by selection of appropriate pressure and temperature conditions followed by a scale-up. The scale-up of the SFE process can be performed by keeping constant: the ratio of scCO2 flow rate to mass of bed raw material, the ratio of bed length and bed diameter or dimensionless number such as Reynolds number [3]. This study presents the scale-up of the SFE process, first by selection of optimal pressure (100, 200 and 300 bar) at moderate temperature of 40 °C using a lab scale unit (0.6 L), following by selection of optimal CO2 consumption per used plant material as well as optimal ratio of plant material mass per volume of extractor. Optimal parameters were further tested using a semi-industrial scale unit (40 L). The highest extraction yield obtained was 27%. The performed scale-up study showed a good agreement between lab and pilot scale units. The qualitative analysis performed using GC/MS showed that obtained extracts contained around 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The quantitative analysis performed using GC/FID confirmed that predominant fatty acids were oleic and linoleic acids with a content in the range of 191-234 mg/g and 445-514 mg/g, respectively (depending on the SFE pressure). Total phenolic compounds were estimated in each extract by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay reaching ca. 90 mg GAE/g. The free radical scavenging capacity was analyzed by the DPPH assay showing value of IC50 (concentration of extract required for the 50% decrease in absorbance of the blank) to be ca. 13 mg/mL.
PB  - Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology
C3  - Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022
T1  - Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract
EP  - 29
SP  - 28
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Milovanović, Stoja and Kamiński, Piotr and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Klimkowska, Kamila and Florkowski, Grzegorz and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine from ancient times mostly for treatment of liver disorders [1,2]. Nowadays it is an industrially valuable crop for preparation of herbal supplements reaching total sales of 16 million USD in the USA market [2]. The separation of valuable bioactive compounds from plant materials can be performed by several methods using organic and inorganic solvents. Nevertheless, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that employs CO2 is considered a green alternative to other conventional extraction methods. In order to be economically viable, the SFE process should be optimized by selection of appropriate pressure and temperature conditions followed by a scale-up. The scale-up of the SFE process can be performed by keeping constant: the ratio of scCO2 flow rate to mass of bed raw material, the ratio of bed length and bed diameter or dimensionless number such as Reynolds number [3]. This study presents the scale-up of the SFE process, first by selection of optimal pressure (100, 200 and 300 bar) at moderate temperature of 40 °C using a lab scale unit (0.6 L), following by selection of optimal CO2 consumption per used plant material as well as optimal ratio of plant material mass per volume of extractor. Optimal parameters were further tested using a semi-industrial scale unit (40 L). The highest extraction yield obtained was 27%. The performed scale-up study showed a good agreement between lab and pilot scale units. The qualitative analysis performed using GC/MS showed that obtained extracts contained around 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The quantitative analysis performed using GC/FID confirmed that predominant fatty acids were oleic and linoleic acids with a content in the range of 191-234 mg/g and 445-514 mg/g, respectively (depending on the SFE pressure). Total phenolic compounds were estimated in each extract by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay reaching ca. 90 mg GAE/g. The free radical scavenging capacity was analyzed by the DPPH assay showing value of IC50 (concentration of extract required for the 50% decrease in absorbance of the blank) to be ca. 13 mg/mL.",
publisher = "Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology",
journal = "Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022",
title = "Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract",
pages = "29-28",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901"
}

Milovanović, S., Kamiński, P., Dębczak, A., Klimkowska, K., Florkowski, G., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract. in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022
Coimbra : Universidade, Faculty of Sciences and Technology., 28-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901

Milovanović S, Kamiński P, Dębczak A, Klimkowska K, Florkowski G, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract. in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022. 2022;:28-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901 .

Milovanović, Stoja, Kamiński, Piotr, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Klimkowska, Kamila, Florkowski, Grzegorz, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Scale-up of supercritical CO2 extraction process for production of milk thistle extract" in Book of Abstracts / 2nd Iberian Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (2º Encontro Ibérico de Fluidos Supercríticos) (EIFS2022), Coimbra, Portugal, 28 February - 2 March 2022 (2022):28-29,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_technorep_6901 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kamiński, Piotr
AU  - Milovanović, Stoja
AU  - Dębczak, Agnieszka
AU  - Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna
AU  - Konkol, Marcin
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6902
AB  - Plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a source of valuable bioactive compounds such as essential fatty acids and flavonolignans, that are commercially used in food and phytopharmaceuticals. These bioactive compounds are separated from plant material by conventional extraction methods using organic solvents such as n-hexane and high temperatures. In this manner bioactive compounds can be thermally degraded, organic solvent can remain in final products, and organic waste is generated. A green alternative to conventional extraction techniques is the supercritical extraction process (SCE), which employs CO2 as a solvent. Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) has GRAS status and relatively mild critical parameters (Pc= 7.3 MPa and Tc=31.1 °C). Due to high diffusivity, low viscosity, and near-zero surface tension, it is widely used for the separation of bioactive compounds from plant material. It can be easily separated from the final product and fully recycled. In order to produce a high amount of valuable extract from milk thistle seeds in an environmentally friendly manner, the SCE process was tested at pressures of 10, 20, 30, and 45 MPa and temperatures 40, 60, and 80°C. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CG-FID), as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays. It was shown that variation of the extraction pressure and temperature led to a significant variation in extraction yields (from 0.1 to 31.5%). Furthermore, the content of dominant essential fatty acid (linoleic acid) present in extracts ranged from 445 to 514mg/g. It was shown that the extract separated at 10 MPa and 40°C contained the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (138.0 mg GAE/g). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=12.66 mg/mL) showed the extract obtained at 30MPa and 60°C. Obtained results gave valuable insights into the optimization of the SCE process for the production of solvent-free and biologically active extracts from milk thistle seeds.
C3  - 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL)
T1  - Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature
SP  - T012
VL  - 1
DO  - 10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kamiński, Piotr and Milovanović, Stoja and Dębczak, Agnieszka and Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna and Konkol, Marcin",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum, Asteraceae) is a source of valuable bioactive compounds such as essential fatty acids and flavonolignans, that are commercially used in food and phytopharmaceuticals. These bioactive compounds are separated from plant material by conventional extraction methods using organic solvents such as n-hexane and high temperatures. In this manner bioactive compounds can be thermally degraded, organic solvent can remain in final products, and organic waste is generated. A green alternative to conventional extraction techniques is the supercritical extraction process (SCE), which employs CO2 as a solvent. Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) has GRAS status and relatively mild critical parameters (Pc= 7.3 MPa and Tc=31.1 °C). Due to high diffusivity, low viscosity, and near-zero surface tension, it is widely used for the separation of bioactive compounds from plant material. It can be easily separated from the final product and fully recycled. In order to produce a high amount of valuable extract from milk thistle seeds in an environmentally friendly manner, the SCE process was tested at pressures of 10, 20, 30, and 45 MPa and temperatures 40, 60, and 80°C. Obtained extracts were characterized using a gas chromatograph equipped with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), a gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector (CG-FID), as well as by Folin–Ciocalteu and DPPH assays. It was shown that variation of the extraction pressure and temperature led to a significant variation in extraction yields (from 0.1 to 31.5%). Furthermore, the content of dominant essential fatty acid (linoleic acid) present in extracts ranged from 445 to 514mg/g. It was shown that the extract separated at 10 MPa and 40°C contained the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (138.0 mg GAE/g). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=12.66 mg/mL) showed the extract obtained at 30MPa and 60°C. Obtained results gave valuable insights into the optimization of the SCE process for the production of solvent-free and biologically active extracts from milk thistle seeds.",
journal = "1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL)",
title = "Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature",
pages = "T012",
volume = "1",
doi = "10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012"
}

Kamiński, P., Milovanović, S., Dębczak, A., Tyśkiewicz, K.,& Konkol, M.. (2022). Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature. in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL), 1, T012.
https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012

Kamiński P, Milovanović S, Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Konkol M. Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature. in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL). 2022;1:T012.
doi:10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012 .

Kamiński, Piotr, Milovanović, Stoja, Dębczak, Agnieszka, Tyśkiewicz, Katarzyna, Konkol, Marcin, "Supercritical CO2 extraction from milk thistle: The effect of pressure and temperature" in 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product(ICDSUPL), 1 (2022):T012,
https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T012 . .